Prospective associations between psychosocial work factors and self-reported health: study of effect modification by gender, age, and occupation using the national French working conditions survey data

Table 1 Prospective associations between occupational factors and the incidence of poor SRH among the study sample of 15,971 employees

	RR	95% CI			p-value
Demands at work
Quantitative demands	1.36	1.21	–	1.53	< 0.001
Cognitive demands	1.11	0.99	–	1.25	0.086
Emotional demands	1.13	1.00	–	1.27	0.044‡
Demands for hiding emotions	1.24	1.10	–	1.39	< 0.001
Work organization and job content
Low influence	1.14	1.02	–	1.28	0.018
Low degree of freedom	1.23	1.10	–	1.37	< 0.001
Low possibilities for development	1.19	1.06	–	1.33	0.003
Low meaning of work	1.32	1.19	–	1.47	< 0.001
Interpersonal relations
Low predictability	1.13	1.01	–	1.26	0.032
Low role clarity	1.44	1.26	–	1.64	< 0.001
Role conflict	1.39	1.24	–	1.56	< 0.001
Low social support	1.22	1.09	–	1.38	0.001
Low sense of community	1.38	1.24	–	1.54	< 0.001
Work–individual interface
Low job satisfaction	1.27	1.13	–	1.42	< 0.001
Work–family conflict	1.17	1.04	–	1.32	0.010
Job insecurity	1.20	1.05	–	1.37	0.007
High changes at work	1.34	1.19	–	1.50	< 0.001
Temporary employment	1.10	0.86	–	1.39	0.445
Workplace violence
Internal violence	1.27	1.14	–	1.43	< 0.001
External violence	1.22	1.08	–	1.37	0.001
Working time/hours
Long working hours (> 48 h/week)	0.84	0.67	–	1.04	0.113
Shift work	0.95	0.79	–	1.15	0.624
Unsocial work days	1.03	0.90	–	1.19	0.641
Night work	0.97	0.75	–	1.26	0.833
Physical exposures
Biomechanical exposure	1.28	1.14	–	1.43	< 0.001
Fumes/dust	1.21	1.06	–	1.39	0.006
Toxic/dangerous products	1.05	0.92	–	1.20	0.476
Noise	1.23	1.07	–	1.41	0.004

RR: incidence rate ratio, CI: confidence interval
Each occupational factor was studied separately using discrete time Poisson regression models and weighted data, with adjustment for gender, age, marital status, life events, and occupation
Low or high exposure groups were defined using the initial coding for the factors based on one item (emotional demands, role clarity, work–family conflict, job insecurity, temporary employment) and using the median of the total sample in 2013 as cut-off for the factors based on the sum of two or more items
‡ p > 0.05 after correction for multiple testing (FDR)
28 tests were done, 1 or 2 would be significant at 5% even if the null hypotheses were true, and 21 were found to be significant (before correction for multiple testing, FDR, and 20 after correction)

ISSN: 1471-2458