From: Hearing loss, sick leave, and disability pension: findings from the HUNT follow-up study
Any hearing loss | Mild hearing loss | Disabling hearing loss | Any hearing loss + tinnitus | |
---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 523) | (N = 433) | (N = 90) | (N = 182) | |
Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | |
Total sample (N = 21 754) | 1.5 (1.3–1.8) * | 1.4 (1.1–1-7) * | 2.3 (1.6–3.2) * | 2.0 (1.4–2.8) * |
Stratified analysis | ||||
Men | 1.4 (1.1–1.8) * | 1.3 (1.0–1.7) | 2.1 (1.3–3.6) * | 1.7 (1.1–2.7) * |
Women | 1.6 (1.3–2.0) * | 1.5 (1.1–1.9) * | 2.4 (1.5–3.8) * | 2.4 (1.5–3.9) * |
Younger adults < 35 yr at baseline | 2.2 (1.4–3.7) * | 1.8 (1.0–3.4) | 3.7 (1.7–8.4) * | 5.3 (2.2–12.8) * |
Older adults > 35 year at baseline | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) * | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) * | 2.1 (1.4–3.0) * | 1.8 (1.3–2.6) * |
High education | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) * | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 2.0 (1.3–3.0) * | 1.8 (1.2–2.8) * |
Low education | 1.7 (1.4–2.3) * | 1.6 (1.2–2.1) * | 3.3 (1.8–6.2) * | 2.2 (1.3–3.6) * |
White-collar | 1.6 (1.2–2.3) * | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) * | 2.1 (0.9–4.7) | 1.7 (0.9–3.5) |
Blue-collar | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 1.8 (1.1–2.8) * | 1.9 (1.3–2.8) * |