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Table 5 Associations between hearing loss at baseline and disability pension during follow-up among employed persons, The HUNT Study, Norway

From: Hearing loss, sick leave, and disability pension: findings from the HUNT follow-up study

 

Any hearing loss

Mild hearing loss

Disabling hearing loss

Any hearing loss + tinnitus

 

(N = 523)

(N = 433)

(N = 90)

(N = 182)

 

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Hazard ratio (95% CI)

Total sample (N = 21 754)

1.5 (1.3–1.8) *

1.4 (1.1–1-7) *

2.3 (1.6–3.2) *

2.0 (1.4–2.8) *

Stratified analysis

    

 Men

1.4 (1.1–1.8) *

1.3 (1.0–1.7)

2.1 (1.3–3.6) *

1.7 (1.1–2.7) *

 Women

1.6 (1.3–2.0) *

1.5 (1.1–1.9) *

2.4 (1.5–3.8) *

2.4 (1.5–3.9) *

 Younger adults < 35 yr at baseline

2.2 (1.4–3.7) *

1.8 (1.0–3.4)

3.7 (1.7–8.4) *

5.3 (2.2–12.8) *

 Older adults > 35 year at baseline

1.4 (1.2–1.7) *

1.3 (1.1–1.6) *

2.1 (1.4–3.0) *

1.8 (1.3–2.6) *

 High education

1.4 (1.1–1.7) *

1.2 (0.9–1.6)

2.0 (1.3–3.0) *

1.8 (1.2–2.8) *

 Low education

1.7 (1.4–2.3) *

1.6 (1.2–2.1) *

3.3 (1.8–6.2) *

2.2 (1.3–3.6) *

 White-collar

1.6 (1.2–2.3) *

1.6 (1.1–2.2) *

2.1 (0.9–4.7)

1.7 (0.9–3.5)

 Blue-collar

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.1 (0.9–1.4)

1.8 (1.1–2.8) *

1.9 (1.3–2.8) *

  1. All analyses are adjusted for age, sex, and education
  2. In the sex stratified analyses, the estimates are adjusted for age and education
  3. In the age stratified analyses, the estimates are adjusted for sex and education
  4. In the education stratified analyses, the estimates are adjusted for sex and age
  5. CI   confidence interval
  6. * = p ≤ 0.05