From: Urban-rural disparities in the healthy ageing trajectory in China: a population-based study
Rural (n = 6167) | Urban (n = 3235) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Continuing-low | Continuing-middle | Continuing-middle-to-high | Significantly-declining | Continuing-low | Continuing-middle | Continuing-middle-to-high | Significantly-declining | |
Educational level | ||||||||
Upper secondary & vocational | 0.23(0.05,1.01) | 0.29(0.20,0.42)*** | 0.29(0.17,0.50)*** | 0.70(0.27,1.83) | 1.24(0.35,4.33) | 0.27(0.17,0.43)*** | 0.48(0.30,0.79)** | 0.43(0.12,1.56) |
Tertiary | – | 0.20(0.02,2.12) | – | – | – | 0.12(0.05,0.33)*** | 0.20(0.07,0.57)** | – |
Marital status | ||||||||
Married | 3.09(1.05,9.10)* | 0.92(0.02,2.12) | 1.01(0.70,1.72) | 0.70(0.30,1.67) | 0.35(0.10,1.28) | 0.44(0.24,0.82)* | 0.29(0.15,0.56)*** | 0.48(0.10,2.31) |
Household per capita consumption | ||||||||
Low-middle | 1.76(0.96,3.22) | 1.09(0.87,1.35) | 1.22(0.92,1.63) | 1.84(0.97,3.49) | 0.96(0.27,3.47) | 0.82(0.54,1.24) | 1.02(0.63,1.63) | 0.87(0.25,3.01) |
Middle-high | 2.25(1.16,4.34)* | 1.01(0.78,1.30) | 1.19(0.85,1.67) | 1.53(0.71,3.26) | 0.79(0.23,2.68) | 0.87(0.59,1.28) | 0.92(0.58,1.46) | 0.83(0.26,2.72) |
High | 1.28(0.52,3.15) | 0.97(0.69,1.35) | 1.48(0.97,2.26) | 1.21(0.43,3.40) | 0.77(0.18,3.27) | 1.04(0.67,1.61) | 1.37(0.83,2.26) | 1.63(0.49,5.39) |
Public health insurance coverage | ||||||||
Covered | 1.83(0.51,6.62) | 0.92(0.59,1.43) | 1.19(0.67,2.13) | 0.97(0.29,3.32) | 3.24(0.39,27.06) | 1.39(0.82,2.35) | 1.16(0.65,2.07) | 0.42(0.14,1.24) |
Current work status | ||||||||
Working | 0.07(0.04,0.12)*** | 0.44(0.33,0.59)*** | 0.59(0.41,0.84)** | 0.33(0.17,0.65)** | 0.32(0.12,0.85)* | 0.67(0.49,0.91)* | 0.56(0.40,0.80)** | 0.78(0.32,1.90) |
Chronic condition | ||||||||
Yes | 3.47(1.26,9.59)* | 1.67(1.32,2.12)*** | 0.67(0.51,0.90)** | 1.09(0.54,2.20) | 1.18(0.16,8.83) | 1.82(1.23,2.69)** | 0.89(0.58,1.35) | 1.05(0.36,3.05) |
Morbidity | 10.72(4.15,27.74)*** | 4.08(3.24,5.14)*** | 0.62(0.46,0.83)** | 1.88(0.97,3.63) | 9.91(2.17,45.17)** | 4.01(2.76,5.83)*** | 0.83(0.55,1.26) | 1.33(0.48,3.69) |
Gave care to grandchildren | ||||||||
Yes | 0.84(0.51,1.39) | 0.84(0.52,1.39) | 0.91(0.72,1.16) | 1.07(0.62,1.85) | 0.24(0.08,0.70)** | 1.20(0.89,1.60) | 1.34(0.96,1.88) | 0.91(0.39,2.13) |
live near children | ||||||||
Yes | 1.01(0.38,2.69) | 1.01(0.38,2.69) | 1.19(0.74,1.94) | 1.29(0.42,3.98) | 929,277.5(0,-) | 1.28(0.67,2.43) | 1.55(0.72,3.33) | 0.51(0.11,2.48) |
Weekly contact with children | ||||||||
Yes | 0.77(0.32,1.85) | 0.77(0.32,1.85) | 0.82(0.53,1.27) | 0.61(0.25,1.50) | 0.57(0.10,3.13) | 1.09(0.55,2.18) | 0.88(0.40,1.95) | – |
Gave money to children | ||||||||
Yes | 0.62(0.31,1.85) | 0.62(0.31,1.24) | 1.08(0.81,1.44) | 0.89(0.45,1.73) | 0.31(0.07,1.43) | 0.68(0.48,0.96)* | 0.75(0.51,1.12) | 0.45(0.13,1.57) |
Received money from children | ||||||||
Yes | 0.90(0.54,1.47) | 0.90(0.54,1.47) | 1.04(081,1.33) | 0.68(0.38,1.22) | 1.70(0.66,4.36) | 1.21(0.89,1.65) | 1.13(0.79,1.62) | 0.49(0.16,1.51) |
Alcohol intake | ||||||||
Drink | 0.32(0.17,0.60)*** | 0.32(0.17,0.60)*** | 0.18(0.13,0.25)*** | 0.53(0.29,0.96)* | 0.96(0.35,2.64) | 0.40(0.30,0.55)*** | 0.24(0.16,0.36)*** | 0.52(0.19,1.40) |
Smoking status | ||||||||
Quit now | 0.47(0.22,0.98)* | 0.47(0.22,0.98)*** | 0.04(0.02,0.08)*** | 0.42(0.17,1.00)* | 0.25(0.06,0.99)* | 0.09(0.05,0.14)*** | 0.03(0.01,0.07)*** | 0.10(0.01,0.80)* |
Still | 0.26(0.14,0.47) | 0.26(0.14,0.47)*** | 0.03(0.02,0.04)*** | 0.27(0.15,0.51)*** | 0.26(0.09,0.78)* | 0.13(0.09,0.18)*** | 0.04(0.02,0.06)*** | 0.28(0.11,0.73)** |
Social participation | ||||||||
Yes | 0.32(0.19,0.56)*** | 0.32(0.18,0.56) | 1.02(0.81,1.30) | 1.13(0.66,1.93) | 0.17(0.05,0.53)** | 0.71(0.53,0.95)* | 1.23(0.88,1.73) | 1.10(0.47,2.57) |
Physical examination | ||||||||
Yes | 0.65(0.40,1.07) | 0.65(0.40,1.07)* | 0.84(0.66,1.06) | 0.73(0.42,1.25) | 0.62(0.24,1.59) | 0.92(0.68,1.24) | 0.75,0.53,1.05) | – |