Table 1 Baseline descriptions (N = 9402)
From: Urban-rural disparities in the healthy ageing trajectory in China: a population-based study
Rural(n = 6167) | Urban(n = 3235) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
1.socioeconomic background | |||
Age | 58.00 (45.00–93.00) | 57.00 (45.00–95.00) | 0.239 |
Gender | 0.066 | ||
Male | 2818(45.69%) | 1414(43.71%) | |
Female | 3349(54.31%) | 1821(56.29%) | |
Educational level | < 0.001 | ||
Less than lower secondary | 5755(93.32%) | 2621(81.02%) | |
upper secondary & vocational | 396(6.42%) | 509(15.73%) | |
tertiary | 16(0.26%) | 105(3.25%) | |
Marital status | 0.653 | ||
Divorced or widowed | 661(10.72%) | 337(10.42%) | |
Married | 5506(89.28%) | 2898(89.58%) | |
Household per capita consumption | |||
Low | 2203 (40.99%) | 590 (21.91%) | < 0.001 |
Low-to-middle | 1581 (29.42%) | 617 (22.91%) | |
Middle | 1053 (19.59%) | 770 (28.59%) | |
High | 537 (9.99%) | 716 (26.59%) | |
Public health insurance coverage | < 0.001 | ||
Not covered | 295(4.80%) | 278(8.62%) | |
Covered | 5857(95.20%) | 2946(91.38%) | |
Current work status | < 0.001 | ||
Not working | 1110(18.06%) | 1382(42.92%) | |
Working | 5036(81.94%) | 1838(57.08%) | |
Chronic condition | 0.317 | ||
None | 1810(29.35%) | 908(28.07%) | |
Yes | 1844(29.90%) | 962(29.74%) | |
Morbidity | 2513(40.75%) | 1365(42.19%) | |
2.Family characteristics | |||
Gave care to grandchildren | < 0.001 | ||
None | 2289(51.66%) | 854(42.74%) | |
Yes | 2142(48.34%) | 1144(57.26%) | |
Live near children | < 0.001 | ||
None | 516(8.53%) | 199(6.28%) | |
Yes | 5530(91.47%) | 2969(93.72%) | |
Weekly contact with children | < 0.001 | ||
None | 544 (8.98%) | 136 (4.29%) | |
Yes | 5515(91.02%) | 3035 (95.71%) | |
Gave money to children | 0.029 | ||
None | 4980(81.04%) | 2673(82.88%) | |
Yes | 1165(18.96%) | 552(17.12%) | |
Received money from children | < 0.001 | ||
None | 3745(60.90%) | 2341(72.45%) | |
Yes | 2404(39.10%) | 890(27.55%) | |
3.Lifestyle | |||
Alcohol intake | 0.524 | ||
Do not drink | 4161(67.48%) | 2204(68.13%) | |
Drink | 2005(32.52%) | 1031(31.87%) | |
Smoking status | < 0.001 | ||
Never | 3750(62.02%) | 2094(65.60%) | |
Quit now | 455(7.53%) | 254(7.96%) | |
Still | 1841(30.45%) | 844(26.44%) | |
Social participation | < 0.001 | ||
None | 3325(53.92%) | 1566(48.42%) | |
Yes | 2841(46.08%) | 1668(51.58%) | |
Physical Examination | < 0.001 | ||
None | 3252(52.75%) | 1438(44.48%) | |
Yes | 2913(47.25%) | 1795(55.52%) | |