Table 4 Frequency distribution of model constructs in urban and rural areas

Perceived threat (4)

3.85 (0.76)

0.738

4.00 (0.78)

0.776

  Perceived severity (2)

3.62 (0.89)

0.498

3.84 (0.90)

0.543

  Perceived susceptibility (2)

4.08 (0.80)

0.635

4.17 (0.80)

0.652

Perceived social factor (5)

3.88 (0.62)

0.678

4.05 (0.64)

0.751

  Perceived social norms (1)

3.94 (1.00)

-

4.12 (0.96)

-

  Perceived response capacity in institutions (4)

3.81 (0.64)

0.781

3.98 (0.67)

0.834

COVID-19 preventive behavior (8)

2.67 (0.31)

0.715

2.58 (0.37)

0.773

  Wearing a mask (3)

2.77 (0.35)

0.677

2.67 (0.41)

0.709

  Social distance (2)

2.45 (0.61)

0.621

2.46 (0.41)

0.671

  Handwashing (3)

2.61 (0.44)

0.580

2.47 (0.53)

0.677