Table 5 Factors associated with household access to individual and combined basic WASH services, 2017–2018

Age (years)

 < 30

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

30–39

1.20

1.05–1.38

0.008

1.71

1.37–2.13

 < 0.001

1.16

0.94–1.43

0.155

1.88

1.2–2.94

0.006

40–49

1.19

1.04–1.38

0.014

3.33

2.68–4.13

 < 0.001

1.49

1.22–1.83

 < 0.001

4.15

2.77–6.21

 < 0.001

50–59

1.17

1.01–1.35

0.035

3.78

2.94–4.84

 < 0.001

1.51

1.22–1.87

 < 0.001

4.26

2.9–6.26

 < 0.001

 ≥ 60

1.06

0.92–1.22

0.431

4.80

3.76–6.12

 < 0.001

1.65

1.32–2.06

 < 0.001

6.02

3.95–9.18

 < 0.001

Sex

Male

Ref

Ref

Female

1.13

1.01–1.25

0.031

1.32

1.14–1.53

 < 0.001

Level of education

No formal education

Ref

Ref

Ref

Primary

1.09

0.91–1.30

0.336

1.22

1.01–1.46

0.040

1.23

0.81–1.87

0.329

Secondary

1.65

1.37–1.98

 < 0.001

1.71

1.42–2.05

 < 0.001

2.92

1.99–4.27

 < 0.001

Higher

3.54

2.73–4.59

 < 0.001

3.18

2.50–4.04

 < 0.001

9.84

6.55–14.77

 < 0.001

Wealth index

Poorest

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Poorer

1.48

1.26–1.74

 < 0.001

7.61

1.48–39.28

0.015

1.40

1.02–1.93

0.038

Middle

1.85

1.54–2.22

 < 0.001

22.13

4.55–107.55

 < 0.001

1.61

1.19–2.19

0.002

Richer

2.80

2.27–3.45

 < 0.001

143.28

29.90–686.56

 < 0.001

2.18

1.58–3.01

 < 0.001

19.27

2.63–141.13

0.004

Richest

7.06

5.38–9.27

 < 0.001

651.82

136.20–3,119.53

 < 0.001

4.93

3.54–6.88

 < 0.001

380.23

55.99–2,581.98

 < 0.001

Household size

 ≤ 5

1.15

1.04–1.28

0.007

 > 5

Ref

Department

Alibori

Ref

1.86

1.12–3.10

0.017

8.34

4.19–16.60

 < 0.001

5.27

1.10–25.16

0.037

Atacora

2.04

1.34–3.12

0.001

1.51

0.82–2.78

0.181

3.45

1.60–7.43

0.002

6.89

1.58–29.96

0.010

Atlantique

2.51

1.54–4.09

 < 0.001

2.13

1.43–3.18

 < 0.001

10.10

5.06–20.15

 < 0.001

12.25

2.91–51.64

0.001

Borgou

1.74

1.16–2.61

0.007

1.81

1.10–2.97

0.019

9.04

4.73–17.28

 < 0.001

6.43

1.57–26.30

0.010

Collines

2.82

1.76–4.51

 < 0.001

Ref

10.67

5.50–20.69

 < 0.001

4.46

0.83–24.12

0.082

Couffo

1.92

1.15–3.22

0.013

1.65

1.00–2.75

0.052

7.96

4.00–15.85

 < 0.001

4.20

0.83–21.22

0.082

Donga

1.01

0.63–1.64

0.956

1.04

0.56–1.93

0.912

3.72

1.64–8.44

0.002

Ref

Littoral

32.13

14.23–72.56

 < 0.001

1.49

0.99–2.23

0.054

9.10

4.62–17.92

 < 0.001

10.77

2.66–43.62

0.001

Mono

3.12

1.79–5.43

 < 0.001

1.92

1.22–3.02

0.005

2.50

1.02–6.11

0.044

1.65

0.29–9.28

0.568

Ouémé

3.28

2.05–5.24

 < 0.001

2.05

1.35–3.11

0.001

3.20

1.60–6.38

0.001

5.73

1.41–23.29

0.015

Plateau

3.48

2.17–5.58

 < 0.001

3.60

2.23–5.81

 < 0.001

Ref

2.57

0.41–16.05

0.311

Zou

3.27

2.02–5.27

 < 0.001

6.44

4.04–10.29

 < 0.001

2.19

1.08–4.42

0.029

4.81

1.15–20.20

0.032