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Table 2 JMP classification of improved/unimproved water and sanitation facility types

From: Household access to basic drinking water, sanitation and hygiene facilities: secondary analysis of data from the demographic and health survey V, 2017–2018

Facility types

Water

Sanitation

Improved facilities

Piped supplies

• Tap water in the dwelling, yard or plot

• Public standposts

Non-piped supplies

• Boreholes/tubewells

• Protected wells and springs

• Rainwater

• Packaged water, including bottled water and sachet water

• Delivered water, including tanker trucks and small carts

Networked sanitation

• Flush and pour flush toilets connected to sewers

On-site sanitation

• Flush and pour flush toilets or latrines connected to septic tanks or pits

• Ventilated improved pit latrines

• Pit latrines with slabs

• Composting toilets, including twin pit latrines and container-based systems

Unimproved facilities

Non-piped supplies

• Unprotected wells and springs

On-site sanitation

• Pit latrines without slabs

• Hanging latrines

• Bucket latrines

  1. Source Adapted from WHO; UNICEF. Progress on Drinking Water, Sanitation and Hygiene: 2017 Update and SDG Baselines; WHO: Geneva, 2017; ISBN 978–92-4–151,289-3. [4]