Table 5 Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) domains and constructs for SCOPE-PP

Intervention characteristics: Key attributes of interventions influence the success of implementation

Relative advantage: Stakeholders’ perception of the advantage of implementing the intervention vs standard of care

Advantage to integration PrEP in ANC services. Advantage of providing self and partner HIVST vs. facility testing, advantage of persistence counseling

Providers, women and partners

Complexity: Perceived difficulty of implementation, reflected by duration, scope, radicalness, disruptiveness, centrality, and intricacy and number of steps required to implement

I am confident that I or my colleague in the clinic can integrate PrEP and HIVST into ante- and postnatal care & I am confident that I or my colleagues can follow up on PrEP in pregnant/postpartum women

Providers

Cost: Costs of intervention and costs associated with implementation including supply, and opportunity costs

Concerns about cost of integration of HIVST (for women & partners) and PrEP into care

Managers and providers

Outer Setting: Outer context, factors external to the organization that may influence implementation

Patient needs and resources: The extent to which patient needs as well as barriers and facilitators to meet those needs are accurately known and prioritized by the organization

Maternal PrEP & HIVST are compatible with the needs of patients at my clinic and outcomes are achievable irrespective of patient SES

Managers, providers, women and partners

External Policies & Incentives: External strategies to spread interventions including policy and regulations, external mandates, recommendations, and guidelines

Existing guidelines/policies on maternal PrEP and HIVST

Managers and providers

Inner setting: Inner context, factors internal to the organization that may influence implementation

Implementation climate: The absorptive capacity for change, and the extent to which use of that intervention will be rewarded, supported, and expected within their clinic

Leadership values evidence-based HIV practices such as maternal PrEP and HIVST

Managers and providers

Readiness for implementation: Tangible and immediate indicators of organizational commitment to its decision to implement an intervention

Maternal PrEP and HIVST for patient and provider are essential parts of HIV prevention of my PMTCT program

Managers and providers

Characteristics of Individuals: Individuals in the organizations involved in the implementation of the intervention

Knowledge: Individuals’ beliefs and value placed on the intervention as well as familiarity with facts, truths, and principles related to the intervention

Awareness of DoH guidelines/policies on maternal PrEP and HIVST & Users’ skilled and provision of PrEP, counseling and HIVST

Managers and providers, women and partners

Attitudes: Individuals’ attitudes toward the intervention

It is more suitable to provide maternal PrEP, HIVST and PrEP to PBFW

Managers and providers