Table 3 Difference-in-differences analyses of the EEG variables. Entries are least-squares means (95% confidence intervals). Entries in bold are those for which the confidence interval does not contain 0. Note: CPM = comparison pearl millet, BPM = biofortified pearl millet

SRT

N1 amplitude (uV)

-2.83 (-3.74, -1.92)

-2.06 (-2.89. -1.23)

-1.12 (-2.03, -0.21)

-5.75 (-6.60, -4.93)

-0.77 (-2.00, 0.46)

-3.69 (-4.85, -2.52)

5.40 (3.66, 7.14)

P3 amplitude (uV)

1.78 (1.35, 2.20)

1.59 (1.20, 1.97)

1.48 (1.05, 1.91)

2.08 (1.69, 2.46)

0.19 (-0.38, 0.76)

0.49 (-0.05, 1.03)

-0.78 (-1.59., 0.03)

Alpha power (db/Hz)

0.249 (0.246, 0.253)

0.251 (0.248, 0.254)

0.254 (0.251, 0.257)

0.251 (0.248, 0.254)

-0.002 (-0.006, 0.003)

0.000 (-0.004,0.004)

0.004 (-0.002, 0.011)

Gamma power (db/Hz)

0.047 (0.044, 0.051)

0.047 (0.044, 0.051)

0.048 (0.044, 0.051)

0.052 (0.048, 0.056)

0.000 (-0.005, 0.005)

0.005 (0.000, 0.010)

-0.005 (-0.012, 0.003)

GNG

N1 amplitude (uV)

-1.82 (-2.51, -1.14)

-1.46 (-2.05, -0.86)

-0.72 (-1.40, -0.04)

-1.31 (-1.90, -0.71)

-0.37 (-1.27, 0.54)

0.15 (-0.70, 0.99)

0.96 (-0.33, 2.24)

P3 amplitude (uV)

1.89 (1.25, 2.52)

1.42 (0.87, 1.98)

0.81 (0.17, 1.44)

1.13 (0.58, 1.69)

0.46 (-0.38, 1.31)

-0.29 (-1.08, 0.49)

-0.79 (-1.98, 0.40)

Alpha power (db/Hz)

-3.96 (-7.83, -0.08)

-3.80 (-7.57, -0.03)

-4.51 (-8.38, -0.63)

-4.14 (-7.91, -0.37)

-0.16 (-5.57, 5.25)

-0.34 (-5.67, 5.00)

-0.21 (-7.86, 7.44)

Gamma power (db/Hz)

-17.64 (-22.37, ’12.90)

-17.32 (-22.32, -12.32)

-41.22 (-45.96, -36.48)

-40.94 (-45.94, -35.94)

-0.32 (-7.20, 6.57)

-23.62 (-30.69, -16.55)

0.04 (-9.70, 9.78)

ANT

N1 amplitude (uV)

-2.28 (-2.57, -2.00)

-2.33 (-2.59, -2.06)

-2.00 (-2.27, -1.71)

-2.33 (-2.59, -2.06)

0.05 (-0.34, 0.43)

-0.12 (-0.50, 0.25)

0.41 (-0.14, 0.96)

P3 amplitude (uV)

2.61 (2.37, 2.86)

2.75 (2.52, 2.98)

2.06 (1.81, 2.30)

2.61 (2.38, 2.83)

-0.14 (-0.47, 0.20)

-0.14 (-0.46, 0.18)

-0.41 (-0.89, 0.06)

Alpha power (db/Hz)

-3.96 (-7.84, -0.08)

-3.80 (-7.57, -0.03)

-4.51 (-8.38, -0.63)

-4.14 (-7.91, -0.37)

0.16 (-5.57, 5.25)

-0.34 (-5.67, 5.00)

-0.21 (-7.86, 7.44)

Gamma power (db/Hz)

-17.64 (-22.37, -12.90)

-17.32 (-22.32, -12.32)

-41.22 (-45.96, -36.48)

-40.94 (-45.94, -35.94)

-0.32 (-7.20, 6.60)

-23.62 (-30.69, -16.55)

0.04 (-9.70, 9.78)

CFE

N1 amplitude (uV), contrast

-1.50 (-0.99, -2.00)

-1.23 (-0.77, -1.69)

-2.41 (-1.91, -2.92)

-2.99 (-2.53, -3.45)

-0.27 (-0.41, -0.96)

-1.76 (-1.11, -2.41)

-0.85 (-1.81, 0.12)

P3 amplitude (uV), contrast

1.52 (1.12, 1.91)

1.82 (1.47, 2.18)

1.48 (1.09, 1.87)

2.05 (1.69, 2.40)

-0.31 (-0.84, 0.22)

0.22 (-0.28, 0.73)

-0.26 (-1.01, 0.49)

Alpha power (db/Hz), contrast

3.01 (2.33, 3.70)

3.33 (2.66, 4.00)

3.00 (2.32, 3.68)

2.90 (2.23, 3.58)

-0.32 (-1.27, 0.64)

-0.43 (-1.37, 0.52)

0.42 (-0.94, 1.77)

Gamma power (db/Hz), contrast

3.51 (2.82, 4.20)

3.11 (2.38, 3.84)

2.52 (1.82, 3.22)

3.00 (2.28, 3.73)

0.40 (-0.60, 1.40)

-0.10 (-1.13, 0.93)

-0.89 (-2.31, 0.54)

CRT

N1 amplitude, slope (uV)

0.10 (-0.24, 0.43)

-0.10 (-0.39, 0.19)

0.24 (-0.10, 0.58)

-0.12 (-0.42, 0.17)

0.19 (-0.25, 0.64)

-0.03 (-0.44, 0.39)

0.17 (-0.46, 0.80)

.

P3 amplitude, slope (uV)

0.42 (-0.05, 0.88)

0.38 (-0.02, 0.79)

0.57 (0.11, 1.03)

0.93 (0.52, 1.34)

0.03 (-0.58, 0.65)

0.55 (-0.03, 1.13)

-0.40 (-1.27, 0.47)

Alpha power, slope (db/Hz)

-0.58 (-1.28, 0.13)

-0.18 (-0.44, 0.80)

-0.24 (-0.94, 0.46)

0.63 (0.01, 1.25)

-0.76 (-1.70, 0.18)

0.45 (-0.42, 1.33)

-0.12 (-1.44, 1.21)

Gamma power, slope (db/Hz)

-0.59 (-1.64, 0.46)

0.26 (-0.67, 1.18)

0.25 (-0.80, 1.30)

2.22 (1.29, 3.15)

-0.84 (-2.24, 0.56)

1.97 (0.66, 3.28)

-1.13 (-3.11, 0.85)