Table 4 Mean scores and changes in alcohol, tobacco, and substance use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
| All1 | Women2 | Men2 | ≤ 25 years3 | > 25 years3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.5 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.8 (-1.0, -0.6) |
-0.7 (-1.0, -0.5) |
-1.1 (-1.2, -1.0) |
-0.9 (-1.2, -0.6) |
-0.6 (-1.0, -0.3) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.5 (-0.7, -0.2) |
-0.4 (-0.7, -0.1) |
-0.7 (-1.3, -0.1) |
-0.5 (-0.9, -0.2) |
-0.4 (-0.8, -0.1) |
| Tobacco | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 6.0 | 3.4 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.9 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.4 (-0.6, -0.2) |
-0.5 (-0.7, -0.2) |
-0.2 (-0.6, 0.2) |
-0.3 (-0.6, -0.1) |
-0.5 (-0.8, -0.1) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.3 (-0.5, -0.1) |
-0.4 (-0.7, -0.2) |
0.1 (-0.3, 0.6) |
0.0 (-0.2, 0.3) |
-0.1 (-1.1, -0.3) |
| Cannabis | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.4 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.3, 0.1) |
-0.0 (-0.2, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, -0.0) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 1.0) |
-0.0 (-0.3, 0.3) |
-0.0 (-0.3, 0.1) |
0.0 (-0.1, 0.2) |
| Cocaine | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.05) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 1.0) |
| Amphetamine | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.2, 0.1) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.2, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
| Solvents | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.1) |
| Sedatives | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.1 (-0.2, -0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.3, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, -0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.1) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.1 (-0.2, -0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.3, 0.1) |
-0.1 (-0.2, -0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
| Hallucinogens | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.1) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.1) |
| Opiates | |||||
| Mean score at baseline | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU1 |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.1 (-0.1, -0.0) |
| Mean difference in risk score (95% CI) from baseline to FU2 |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
0.0 (-0.0, 0.1) |
-0.0 (-0.0, 0.0) |
-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1) |