Table 1 Characteristics of reviewed publications
Author/date | Title | Population | Region | Implementation model | Main outcomes reported | Significant Effect |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Longfield 2011 [43] | Increasing safer sexual behavior among Lao kathoy through an integrated social marketing approach | LGBTQ + | Southeast Asia | PERForM | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Increased levels of condom and water-based lubricant use. Improved levels of knowledge about the importance of consistent condom use | No positive significant effect reported that could be attributed to the intervention |
Meekers 2005 [44] | The impact on condom use of the "100% Jeune" social marketing program in Cameroon | Adolescent Cohort (15 to 24) | Sub-Saharan Africa | Health Belief Model, Social Learning Theory, and Theory of Reasoned Action | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Increased percentage of youth who used a condom during last sexual intercourse with regular partner | Significant changes in perceived condom attributes and access, self-efficacy, and perceived social support |
Gutierrez 2010 [45] | Community-based prevention leads to an increase in condom use and a reduction in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW): the Frontiers Prevention Project (FPP) evaluation results | LGBTQ + | South Asia | Frontiers Prevention Project | Behavioral outcomes Significant correlation between increased condom use with regular partners and lower probability of STI sero-positivity | Frontiers Prevention Project intervention demonstrated a positive significant effect for condom use with female partners and for syphilis and HSV 2 sero-positivity |
Kassegne 2011 [46] | Evaluation of a social marketing intervention promoting oral rehydration salts in Burundi | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | PERForM, PSI Behavior Change Framework | Behavioral outcomes Greater use of ORASEL and with significant improvements in perceived availability, knowledge of the signs of diarrhea and dehydration, social support, and self-efficacy | Positive significant association between ORASEL use and behavioral determinants |
Wood 2012 [47] | Understanding why women adopt and sustain home water treatment: Insights from the Malawi antenatal care program | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | The Transtheoretical Model, The Diffusion of Innovations Theory, Consumer Purchase Decision Process | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Increased awareness of the need to treat water, encouraged trial use, and supported continuing use | No positive significant effect reported |
Agha 2021 [1] | Understanding how social norms affect modern contraceptive use | Adolescent Cohort (15 to 24) | Sub-Saharan Africa | Fogg Behavior Model | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Social norms that discourage contraception had a statistically significant negative association with contraceptive use | Negative statistically significant association with contraceptive use in relation to social norms that discourage contraception |
Sarrassat 2015 [48] | Behavior Change After 20 Months of a Radio Campaign Addressing Key Lifesaving Family Behaviors for Child Survival: Midline Results From a Cluster Randomized Trial in Rural Burkina Faso | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | SATURATION + | Behavioral outcomes Improvement in episodic behaviors such as care seeking for diarrhea, saving money during pregnancy, and obtaining treatment for fast/difficult breathing | Positive significant effects on care seeking behaviors |
Engl 2019 [49] | CUBES: A practical toolkit to measure enablers and barriers to behavior for effective intervention design | Men | Sub-Saharan Africa | CUBES | Intervention awareness/reactions; Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Men developed positive as well as negative beliefs, influenced by individuals around them, as they move through various stages of change | No positive significant effect reported |
Ingabire 2018 [50] | Evaluation of a multi-level intervention to improve postpartum intrauterine device services in Rwanda | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | Theory Of Planned Behavior | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Increased level of postpartum intrauterine device insertion | No positive significant effect reported |
Kim 2019 [51] | A process evaluation of the quality improvement collaborative for a community-based family planning learning site in Uganda | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | Quality Improvement Model & Collaborative Improvement Model | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Increased learning through midwife mentorships and positive trends in the number of women on a family planning service | No positive significant effect reported |
Sabin 2020 [52] | Retention in hiv care among hiv-seropositive pregnant and postpartum women in uganda: Results of a randomized controlled trial | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | WPM-based intervention, IMB model | Behavioral outcomes Retention in HIV Care for pregnant and postpartum women | No positive significant effect was reported |
Coulibaly 2020 [53] | Implementing performance-based financing in peripheral health centres in Mali: what can we learn from it? | Rural | Sub-Saharan Africa | Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research | Intervention awareness/reactions; Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes High-performing centers exercised leadership and commitment more strongly than low-performing ones | No positive significant effect was reported |
Wang 2016 [54] | The Impact of Teachers' Modifications of an Evidenced-Based HIV Prevention Intervention on Program Outcomes | Teachers | Latin America and Caribbean | Focus on Youth Caribbean | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Heavy modifications of FOYC lessons led to poorer student outcomes | Increased significant effect among students in the teacher groups over the 12-month follow up |
Cummings 2017 [55] | A complex intervention to improve implementation of World Health Organization guidelines for diagnosis of severe illness in low-income settings: a quasi-experimental study from Uganda | Men | Sub-Saharan Africa | Behavior Change Wheel, COM-B | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Increased likelihood of patients being diagnosed with sepsis and severe respiratory distress | Significant increases in site-adjusted likelihood of initial assessment of temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, mental status, and pulse oximetry |
Johri 2020 [56] | Social and Behavior Change Communication Interventions Delivered Face-to-Face and by a Mobile Phone to Strengthen Vaccination Uptake and Improve Child Health in Rural India: Randomized Pilot Study | Rural | India | Tika Vaani model | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Increased levels of health knowledge | Statistical significant results were shown in higher basic health knowledge among the intervention group |
Agha 2019 [25] | Use of the Fogg Behavior Model to Assess the Impact of a Social Marketing Campaign on Condom Use in Pakistan | Men | Southeast Asia | Fogg Behavior Model | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes The odds of condom use among men with high motivation and high ability were 34 times higher than the odds of condom use among men with low motivation and low ability | Statistically significant association between self-reported condom use at least sex and categories of motivation and ability |
Saggurti 2013 [57] | Effects of a health care provider intervention in reduction of sexual risk and related outcomes in economically marginal communities in Mumbai, India | Men | India | Narrative Intervention Model | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Patients who received treatment for gupt rog from trained providers reported receiving significantly higher rates of services than those who received services from untrained providers | Positive significant effect of the intervention in primary care settings for reducing sexual risk among married men |
Sharma 2020 [58] | Evaluation of a community-based intervention for health and economic empowerment of marginalized women in India | Women | India | Community engagement model | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Increased awareness regarding maternal and child health among women | No positive significant effect was reported |
Dickson-Gomez 2018 [59] | A social systems analysis of implementation of El Salvador's national HIV combination prevention: a research agenda for evaluating Global Health Initiatives | LGBTQ + | Latin America and Caribbean | Van Olmen's Health Systems Dynamic framework | Pre-behavioral/intermediate outcomes; Behavioral outcomes Improved access to HIV prevention and care | No positive significant effect was reported |
Wichaidit 2019 [60] | Effect of an equipment-behavior change intervention on handwashing behavior among primary school children in Kenya: the Povu Poa school pilot study | School staff | Sub-Saharan Africa | Social Norms Theory | Behavioral outcomes Increased rates of handwashing and availability of water and soap | Probability of handwashing with soap after toileting post-intervention were significantly higher |
Penn-Kekana 2018 [61] | Process evaluation of a social franchising model to improve maternal health: evidence from a multi-methods study in Uttar Pradesh, India | Women | India | Social franchising model | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Sky health providers had better knowledge and self-reported practice than comparable health providers | No positive significant effect was reported |
Ma 2018 [62] | Clan-involved approaches to increasing antenatal care use in a rural minority area of China: implementation research | Women | East Asia (China, Korea, Japan, Mongolia) | Social Cognitive Theory, Diffusions of Innovations Theory, & Communication Theory | Behavioral outcomes Significant increase in awareness and uptake of antenatal care | Positive significant effect related to increased awareness of ANC |
Hoddinott 2018 [63] | Nutrition behaviour change communication causes sustained effects on IYCN knowledge in two cluster-randomised trials in Bangladesh | Women | Southeast Asia | Behavior Change Communication Intervention | Behavioral outcomes Behavior change communication improved infant and young child nutrition knowledge in the first year of the intervention | Positive significant effects of levels of knowledge |
Babazadeh 2019 [64] | Cognitive factors associated with brucellosis preventive behaviours among diagnosed patients: an application of Empowerment Model | Urban | MENA | Empowerment Model | Intervention awareness/reactions; Behavioral outcomes Significant effect was found on Brucellosis Preventive Behaviors by demographic variables | Level of education, knowledge, and self-efficacy were found to be positive significant predictors |
Murray 2015 [65] | The Saturation + Approach to Behavior Change: Case Study of a Child Survival Radio Campaign in Burkina Faso | Women | Sub-Saharan Africa | SATURATION + | Behavioral outcomes The successful impact that the 3 principles of the Saturation + approach has on behavior change | No positive significant effect was reported. a |