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Table 4 Association of independent variables and health service utilization

From: Socio-economic inequalities in health service utilization among Chinese rural migrant workers with New Cooperative Medical Scheme: a multilevel regression approach

Variables

Two-week outpatient probability

Inpatient probability

OR

SE

OR

SE

Individual characteristics

 Age group

  15 ~ 36†

    

  36 ~ 50

1.010

0.219

0.724

0.152

  50 ~ 64

1.001

0.247

1.197

0.263

 Gender

  Men†

    

  Women

0.865

0.182

1.753*

0.398

 Living arrangement

  Live with spouse†

    

  Live without spouse

0.539**

0.119

1.231

0.310

 Educational attainment

  Below primary school†

    

  Primary school

1.363

0.269

1.277

0.242

  Middle school and above

1.087

0.291

1.140

0.287

 Technical certificate

  Yes†

    

  No

0.967

0.261

0.679

0.164

 Type of industry

  Professional technician/Clerical staff †

    

  Service stuff

0.862

0.305

1.404

0.553

  Manufacturing and construction

0.720

0.267

1.721

0.698

  Freelancer

0.532

0.219

1.378

0.606

 Type of unit

  Party/government/state-owned†

    

  Collective enterprises and institutions

1.107

0.369

1.273

0.430

  Self-employed and freelance

1.318

0.459

1.234

0.434

 Working hours

  Moderate labor†

    

  Excessive labor

1.091

0.180

0.920

0.145

 Place of work

  In the county/district†

    

  Across the county/district

0.867

0.127

1.689**

0.416

 Income quintiles

  Poorest†

    

  Poorer

0.884

0.230

1.037

0.239

  Middle

0.695

0.186

0.761

0.191

  Richer

0.824

0.316

1.025

0.256

  Richest

0.612

0.182

1.151

0.303

 Injury insurance

  Yes†

    

  No

0.616

0.169

1.289

0.405

 number of friends

   <  = 5†

    

  6 ~ 10

1.061

0.220

0.790

0.156

   >  = 11

0.506

0.170

1.054

0.220

 SAH

  Good†

    

  Fair

3.947***

0.889

2.462***

0.442

  Poor

14.608***

3.182

8.280***

1.872

health behavior

 Smoke

    

  Yes†

    

  No

1.429

0.312

0.332

0.331

 Alcohol use

  Yes†

    

  No

1.168

0.264

0.363

0.292

 Regular exercise every month

  Yes†

    

  No

0.759

0.137

0.109

0.252

Health outcome

 Sense of happiness

    

  Unhappy†

    

  Fair

0.894

0.236

0.956

0.293

  Happy

0.697

0.184

1.267

0.372

Contextual characteristic

 Proportion of ethnic minorities

1.005

0.004

1.006

0.003

 Per capita in the community

1.000

1.10 × 10–5

0.929

9.65 × 10–5

 Region

  East†

    

  Middle

1.351

0.402

0.876

0.204

  West

1.062

0.345

0.934

0.246

 City level

  Sub-provincial city and above

    

  Other

1.345

0.390

1.166

0.260

  Number of medical institutions for 10,000 people in the community

2.32 × 10–30

2.17 × 10–28

0.994

0.008

  Number of medical institutions for 10,000 people in the city

1.011

0.097

1.025

0.084

  Number of doctors for 10,000 people in the city

1.000

0.003

0.989

0.002

  Number of beds for 10,000 people in the city

0.991

0.006

0.995

0.005

  Health index of the community

0.892

0.145

0.994

0.128

  Service quality index of the community

1.089

0.129

1.078

0.113

  Urban service quality index

0.973

0.209

0.963

0.178

  Intercept

0.108

0.089

0.015**

0.013

  1. The Symbol of “*” is defined by a p value < 0.05; the Symbol of “**” is defined by a p value < 0.01; the Symbol of “***” is defined by a p value < 0.001 
  2. †Reference levels in the regressions
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BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

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