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Table 3 Association between depressive symptomatology and the risk of violence in older people

From: The relationship between depression and risk of violence in portuguese community-dwelling older people

ARVINI Scale Items

Depressive symptomatology

n = 141 (28.7%)

OR 95% CI

P-value

1 - Do you often feel alone? (Yes)

105 (75%)

8.413 (5.362–13.201)

0.001

2 - Is there someone who keeps you company on a daily basis? (No)

83 (58.9%)

3.530 (2.278–5.470)

0.001

3 - Is there someone who takes you shopping when you need to go? (No)

115 (81.6%)

2.510 (1.419–4.44)1

0.001

4 - Is there someone who takes you to the doctor when necessary? (No)

121 (85.8%)

2.060 (1.109–3.826)

0.020

5 - Do you meet with friends/colleagues weekly? (No)

114 (80.9%)

2.724 (1.540–1240)

0.001

6 - Do you meet with family members on a weekly basis? (No)

103 (73%)

2.156 (1.339–3.470)

0.001

8 - Has someone told you that you cause them a lot of/too much work? (Yes)

6 (4.3%)

3.054 (0.917–10.175)

0.047

10 - Do you feel that no one wants to be with you? (Yes)

11 (7.8%)

2.860 (1.186–6.895)

0.015

11 - Are you afraid of someone in your family? (Yes)

13 (9.2%)

3.848 (1.606–9.220)

0.001

13 - Has any member of your family shouted at you and called you names, making you feel ashamed? (Yes)

40 (28.6%)

2.847 (1.751–4.629)

0.001

14 - Has anyone in your family physically assaulted you (pushed you, hit you…)? (Yes)

14 (9.9%)

2.646 (1.227–5.705)

0.010

15 - Has anyone in your family told you that you are sick when you know you are not? (Yes)

11 (7.8%)

3.206 (1.299–7.916)

0.008

17 - Has someone in your family taken away things that belong to you without your consent? (Yes)

16 (11.3%)

2.492 (1.222–5.085)

0.010

22 - Do you feel that other people are unfair to you? (Yes)

45 (32.1%)

1.957 (1.257–3.047)

0.003

23 - Do you have difficulty making decisions about your life? (Yes)

54 (38.3%)

3.307 (2.118–5.161)

0.001

24 - Do you often feel anxious/impatient? (Yes)

111 (79.3%)

7.461 (4.686–11.879)

0.001

25 - Do you often get irritated? (Yes)

90 (64.3%)

4.088 (2.703–6.183)

0.001

26 - Can you pay your bills with your income? (No)

130 (92.2%)

4.146 (1.573–10.925)

0.002

  1. ARVINI Risk Assessment of Violence against the Noninstitutionalized Elderly Scale, OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Intervals