From: Passive exposure to e-cigarette emissions is associated with worsened mental health
Characteristic | Total Sample | GAIN-SS < 2 | GAIN-SS ≥ 2 |
---|---|---|---|
N (weighted %) | N (weighted %) | N (weighted %) | |
Age | |||
18–34 years | 8626 (37.4%) | 4462 (56.6%) | 4164 (43.4%) |
34–54 years | 4675 (39.7%) | 2777 (68.5%) | 1898 (31.5%) |
≥55 years | 2872 (22.9%) | 1951 (73.5%) | 921 (26.5%) |
Sex | |||
Male | 7666 (50.1%) | 4857 (70.4%) | 2809 (29.6%) |
Female | 8507 (49.9%) | 4333 (60.0%) | 4174 (40.0%) |
Race/Ethnicity | |||
Non-Hispanic White | 9583 (62.4%) | 5272 (63.3%) | 4311 (36.7%) |
Non-Hispanic Black | 2270 (12.4%) | 1426 (67.8%) | 844 (32.2%) |
Hispanic | 3041 (16.2%) | 1792 (67.4%) | 1249 (32.6%) |
Non-Hispanic Other | 1279 (9.0%) | 700 (70.6%) | 579 (29.4%) |
Annual Income Level | |||
<$49,999 | 9615 (50.4%) | 5081 (58.7%) | 4534 (41.3%) |
$50,000 - 99,999 | 3422 (25.1%) | 2112 (71.0%) | 1310 (29.0%) |
≥$100,000 | 2208 (18.6%) | 1427 (72.4%) | 781 (27.6%) |
Missing Values | 928 (5.9%) | 570 (73.0%) | 358 (27.0%) |
Body Mass Index | |||
Underweight (< 18.5) | 754 (4.4%) | 395 (62.3%) | 359 (37.7%) |
Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 5769 (32.1%) | 3236 (64.6%) | 2533 (35.4%) |
Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 4789 (31.9%) | 2912 (68.1%) | 1877 (31.9%) |
Obese (30+) | 4861 (31.6%) | 2647 (63.2%) | 2214 (36.8%) |
Chronic Diseases b | |||
Yes | 1721 (11.9%) | 850 (57.5%) | 871 (42.5%) |
No | 10684 (71.6%) | 6279 (67.0%) | 4450 (33.0%) |
Missing Values | 3768 (16.5%) | 2061 (62.7%) | 1707 (37.3%) |
Tobacco Use/Exposure Group | |||
Consumption Groups | |||
Exclusive Noncombustible Tobacco User (with no smoking history) | 332 (1.8%) | 228 (72.7%) | 104 (27.3%) |
Exclusive Noncombustible Tobacco User (with smoking history) | 323 (1.8%) | 225 (72.3%) | 98 (27.7%) |
Exclusive Cigarette Users | 7005 (33.2%) | 3798 (57.1%) | 3207 (42.9%) |
Exclusive E-cigarette Users (with no smoking history) | 487 (1.5%) | 214 (43.7%) | 273 (56.3%) |
Exclusive E-cigarette Users (with smoking history) | 465 (2.3%) | 267 (59.7%) | 198 (40.3%) |
Dual Users | 1327 (5.5%) | 568 (45.7%) | 759 (54.3%) |
Exposure Groups | |||
Secondhand Smoke Exposed Non-users | 2673 (20.4%) | 1508 (66.0%) | 1165 (34.0%) |
Secondhand E-cigarette Aerosol Exposed Non-users | 337 (2.4%) | 205 (68.9%) | 132 (31.1%) |
Reference Group | |||
Unexposed Non-users | 3224 (31.1%) | 2177 (77.0%) | 1047 (23.0%) |
Internalizing Problems: GAIN-SS Score at Various Cut-points | |||
≥2 | 6983 (34.8%) | – | – |
≥3 | 5153 (24.9%) | – | – |
4 | 3343 (15.4%) | – | – |