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Table 2 Performance of WCST among Four Groups

From: Association between the 24-hour movement guidelines and executive function among Chinese children

Variables

Groups (Mean ± SD)

P for trend

None (n = 21)

One out of three (n = 108)

Two out of three (n = 209)

Three (n = 38)

All

  CC

4.43 ± 1.50

4.71 ± 1.67

4.91 ± 1.53

5.66 ± 0.58

0.002

  SE

43.95 ± 24.27

43.86 ± 26.43

45.74 ± 25.59

57.08 ± 22.02

0.050

  NPE

43.52 ± 27.02

36.88 ± 25.55

34.56 ± 24.19

27.16 ± 21.60

0.011

  FMS

1.10 ± 0.83

1.41 ± 1.29

1.42 ± 1.30

1.16 ± 0.97

0.850

Boys

  CC

4.57 ± 1.62

4.82 ± 1.59

5.01 ± 1.40

5.69 ± 0.59

0.005

  SE

47.86 ± 27.24

45.13 ± 26.33

46.65 ± 25.24

57.63 ± 20.70

0.072

  NPE

50.71 ± 28.03

35.83 ± 25.16

33.48 ± 23.02

27.75 ± 22.36

0.029

  FMS

0.86 ± 0.69

1.43 ± 1.26

1.41 ± 1.33

1.13 ± 0.98

0.451

Girls

  CC

4.36 ± 1.50

4.60 ± 1.76

4.80 ± 1.65

5.50 ± 0.55

0.137

  SE

42.00 ± 23.49

42.48 ± 26.73

44.84 ± 26.03

54.17 ± 30.31

0.315

  NPE

39.93 ± 26.81

38.00 ± 26.17

35.63 ± 25.37

24.00 ± 18.42

0.185

  FMS

1.21 ± 0.89

1.38 ± 1.32

1.42 ± 1.28

1.33 ± 1.03

0.675

  1. Data were presented as Mean ± SD. Analysis of covariances were used to detect indices of WCST differences among the four groups
  2. WCST the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, SD Standard deviation
  3. CC number of Completed Categories. SE Shifting Efficiency. NPE Non-Preservative Errors. FMS Failure to Maintain Set