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Table 2 Percentage of elderly suffering from water borne diseases by their background characteristics in India

From: Prevalence and predictors of water-borne diseases among elderly people in India: evidence from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017–18

Background characteristics

Rural

Urban

Difference

p-value

%

%

%

Age (in years)

 60–69

22.4

12.2

10.2

<0.001

 70–79

21.9

13.0

8.9

<0.001

 80 + 

24.2

9.8

14.4

<0.001

Sex

 Male

21.6

12.2

9.4

<0.001

 Female

23.3

12.3

11.1

<0.001

Education

 No education/primary not completed

23.4

14.7

8.7

<0.001

 Primary completed

20.4

12.2

8.2

<0.001

 Secondary completed

19.5

9.2

10.3

<0.001

 Higher and above

14.9

9.6

5.3

<0.001

Marital status

 Currently married

22.3

12.0

10.3

<0.001

 Widowed

23.1

12.7

10.4

<0.001

 Others

18.5

9.8

8.7

<0.001

Working status

 Working

22.4

13.4

9.1

<0.001

 Retired

21.9

12.3

9.6

<0.001

 Not working

23.6

11.5

12.1

<0.001

Body Mass Index

 Underweight

25.9

17.7

8.2

<0.001

 Normal

21.9

14.1

7.8

<0.001

 Overweight/obese

20.5

9.0

11.5

<0.001

Type of toilet facility

   

<0.001

 Unimproved

26.6

9.4

17.1

<0.001

 Improved

19.9

12.6

7.3

<0.001

Source of drinking water

 Unimproved

17.8

11.1

6.8

0.024

 Improved

22.8

12.4

10.3

<0.001

Type of house

Pucca

20.7

12.3

8.4

<0.001

Semi pucca

22.0

14.6

7.4

<0.001

Kutcha

26.5

15.6

10.8

<0.001

MPCE quintile

 Poorest

23.6

14.8

8.8

<0.001

 Poorer

24.3

14.6

9.7

<0.001

 Middle

20.8

11.7

9.1

<0.001

 Richer

22.3

10.0

12.3

<0.001

 Richest

20.7

9.2

11.5

<0.001

Religion

 Hindu

22.8

11.8

11.0

<0.001

 Muslim

24.0

14.6

9.4

<0.001

 Christian

13.4

7.3

6.2

0.987

 Others

19.5

16.1

3.4

0.024

Caste

 Scheduled Caste

23.6

14.2

9.4

<0.001

 Scheduled Tribe

23.0

20.0

3.0

<0.001

 Other Backward Class

22.8

10.3

12.4

<0.001

 Others

20.6

13.3

7.3

<0.001

Region

 North

28.7

21.4

7.3

<0.001

 Central

34.7

26.7

8.0

<0.001

 East

22.3

16.3

6.1

<0.001

 Northeast

13.5

12.5

1.0

<0.001

 West

15.2

8.3

6.9

<0.001

 South

9.9

3.5

6.4

<0.001

Total

22.5

12.2

10.2

<0.001

  1. Weighted estimates are presented in the table