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Table 2 Results of the mediation model in the exploratory set (i.e., 80%; N = 3159 - above), and in the confirmation set (i.e., 20%; N = 781 - below)

From: Experience of discrimination during COVID-19 pandemic: the impact of public health measures and psychological distress among refugees and other migrants in Europe

Regressions

Unstandardized estimate (95% CI)

Standardized coefficient

p-value

Exploratory set (80%)

 Direct effects

  Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.182)

   CARE

0.200 (0.126; 0.274)

0.151

< 0.001

   PD

0.455 (0.397; 0.514)

0.387

< 0.001

  Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.007)

   CARE

0.094 (0.039; 0.148)

0.083

0.001

 Indirect effect (proportion mediated)

  PD (17.7%)

0.043 (0.018; 0.067)

0.032

0.001

 Total effect

0.243 (0.165; 0.321)

0.183

< 0.001

Confirmation set (20%)

 Direct effects

  Outcome model: SS (R2 = 0.221)

   CARE

0.293 (0.104; 0.482)

0.172

0.002

   PD

0.457 (0.357; 0.558)

0.408

< 0.001

  Mediator model: PD (R2 = 0.032)

   CARE

0.272 (0.120; 0.423)

0.179

< 0.001

 Indirect effect (proportion mediated)

  PD (29.7%)

0.124 (0.056; 0.192)

0.073

< 0.001

 Total effect

0.417 (0.215; 0.620)

0.245

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: 95% CI: 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval, SS Self-perceived stigmatization, CARE Difficulties to adhere to preventive recommendations against COVID-19 infection, PD Psychological distress