Table 3 Logistic regression analysis on women’s occupation and early ANC visit in SSA

Type of occupation

Model I

cOR[95%CI]

Model II

aOR [95%CI]

Managerial

1 [1.00,1.00]

1 [1.00,1.00]

Clerical

0.88^*[0.77,0.99]

0.91[0.80,1.04]

Sales

0.64^***[0.61,0.68]

0.83^***[0.78,0.88]

Agriculture

0.53^***[0.51,0.56]

0.74^***[0.69,0.79]

Services

0.55^***[0.52,0.59]

0.88^***[0.82,0.94]

Manual

0.62^***[0.58,0.66]

0.77^***[0.72,0.83]

Age

15-19

1 [1.00,1.00]

20-24

1.13^***[1.07,1.20]

25-29

1.29^***[1.21,1.38]

30-34

1.35^***[1.26,1.45]

35-39

1.38^***[1.28,1.48]

40-44

1.38^***[1.28,1.50]

45-49

1.37^***[1.24,1.51]

Level of education

No formal education

1 [1.00,1.00]

Primary

1.16^***[1.12,1.20]

Secondary

1.23^***[1.18,1.28]

Higher

1.49^***[1.37,1.61]

Marital status

Never married

1 [1.00,1.00]

Married

1.30^***[1.23,1.38]

Cohabitation

1.18^***[1.11,1.26]

Widowed

1.20^**[1.07,1.33]

Divorced

1.25^***[1.16,1.34]

Religion

Christianity

1 [1.00,1.00]

Islam

0.88^***[0.85,0.92]

Traditional

0.86^***[0.80,0.92]

No religion

0.80^***[0.74,0.87]

Wealth quintile

Poorest

1 [1.00,1.00]

Poorer

1.02[0.98,1.05]

Middle

1.05^**[1.01,1.09]

Richer

1.13^***[1.08,1.17]

Richest

1.44^***[1.36,1.51]

Residence

Urban

1 [1.00,1.00]

Rural

1.08^***[1.04,1.12]

Parity

1

1 [1.00,1.00]

2

0.87^***[0.83,0.90]

3

0.79^***[0.76,0.83]

4+

0.67^***[0.63,0.70]

Pregnancy intentions

Planned

1 [1.00,1.00]

Mistimed

0.81^***[0.78,0.83]

Unwanted

0.78^***[0.74,0.82]

Household head’s sex

Male

1 [1.00,1.00]

Female

1.09^***[1.05,1.12]

Frequency of reading newspaper/magazine

Not at all

1 [1.00,1.00]

Less than once a week

1.04[0.99,1.09]

At least once a week

1.11^***[1.05,1.18]

Almost every day

1.25^**[1.06,1.47]

Frequency of watching television

Not at all

1 [1.00,1.00]

Less than once a week

0.95^**[0.91,0.99]

At least once a week

1.07^***[1.03,1.11]

Almost every day

1.27^***[1.18,1.36]

Frequency of listening to radio

Not at all

1 [1.00,1.00]

Less than once a week

0.99[0.96,1.03]

At least once a week

1.03[1.00,1.06]

Almost every day

1.09^*[1.01,1.17]

Getting medical help for self: getting permission to go

No problem

1 [1.00,1.00]

Big problem

0.93[0.83,1.04]

Not a big problem

0.92[0.82,1.03]

Getting medical help for self: getting money needed for treatment

No problem

1 [1.00,1.00]

Big problem

1.27^**[1.07,1.50]

Not a big problem

1.33^***[1.12,1.57]

Getting medical help for self: distance to health facility

No problem

1 [1.00,1.00]

Big problem

0.98[0.87,1.10]

Not a big problem

1.01[0.89,1.13]

Country

Angola

1 [1.00,1.00]

Burkina

1.09[1.00,1.19]

Benin

1.78^***[1.63,1.93]

Burundi

1.18^***[1.09,1.29]

Congo DR

0.29^***[0.27,0.32]

Congo

1.24^***[1.13,1.35]

Cote d’Ivoire

0.66^***[0.60,0.73]

Cameroon

0.74^***[0.67,0.82]

Ethiopia

0.74^***[0.66,0.83]

Gabon

1.66^***[1.48,1.87]

Ghana

2.49^***[2.25,2.75]

Gambia

0.99[0.88,1.10]

Guinea

0.70^***[0.63,0.78]

Kenya

0.25^***[0.22,0.28]

Comoros

2.56^***[2.14,3.07]

Liberia

3.14^***[2.84,3.48]

Lesotho

0.83^*[0.71,0.96]

Mali

1.13^*[1.01,1.26]

Malawi

0.43^***[0.40,0.47]

Nigeria

0.37^***[0.34,0.40]

Namibia

0.94[0.82,1.06]

Rwanda

1.65^***[1.51,1.81]

Sierra Leone

1.26^***[1.12,1.41]

Senegal

2.55^***[2.31,2.81]

Chad

0.96[0.84,1.10]

Togo

0.45^***[0.41,0.50]

Uganda

0.55^***[0.51,0.60]

Zambia

0.37^***[0.33,0.40]

Zimbabwe

0.66^***[0.59,0.73]

N

131912

131912