Variable | N | % | Mean | SD |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | ||||
  Male | 341 | 48.6 | - | - |
  Female | 346 | 49.3 | - | - |
  Non-binary | 13 | 1.9 | - | - |
  Transgender | 2 | 0.3 | - | - |
Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish Origin | 57 | 8.1 | - | - |
Race | ||||
  White | 519 | 73.9 | - | - |
  Black or African American | 93 | 13.2 | - | - |
  American Indian or Alaska Native | 4 | 0.6 | - | - |
  Asian | 51 | 7.3 | - | - |
  Multiple races | 27 | 3.8 | - | - |
  Other | 8 | 1.1 | - | - |
Age (years) | - | - | 32.6 | 12.3 |
Education Level | ||||
  No diploma (did not finish high school) | 9 | 1.3 | - | - |
  High school graduate, GED, or equivalent | 98 | 14.0 | - | - |
  Some college, no degree | 169 | 24.1 | - | - |
  Associate degree or bachelor’s degree | 333 | 47.4 | - | - |
  Master’s degree | 78 | 11.1 | - | - |
  Professional or doctoral degree | 15 | 2.1 | - | - |
Residence | ||||
  A large city (> 250,000 people) | 183 | 26.1 | - | - |
  A midsized city (100,000 to 249,999 people) | 129 | 18.4 | - | - |
  A large town (25,000 to 99,999 people) | 144 | 20.5 | - | - |
  A small town (2,500 to 24,999 people) | 113 | 16.1 | - | - |
  A suburb of a large city | 87 | 12.4 | - | - |
  A rural area (non-farm) | 38 | 5.4 | - | - |
  A rural area (farm) | 8 | 1.1 | - | - |
Religious Commitment (1: Low to 10: High) | - | - | 3.58 | 3.0 |
Political Orientation (1: Liberal to 10: Conservative) | - | - | 3.76 | 2.5 |
Political Party | ||||
  Republican | 112 | 16.0 | - | - |
  Democrat | 374 | 53.3 | - | - |
  Other | 215 | 30.6 | - | - |
Area of Employment | ||||
  Medicine (e.g., physician, nurse, physician assistant) | 47 | 6.7 | - | - |
  Behavioral health (e.g., social worker, counselor, psychologist) | 20 | 2.8 | - | - |
  First responder (e.g., law enforcement, fire, EMS) | 7 | 1.0 | - | - |
  Pharmacy (e.g., pharmacist, pharmacy technician) | 6 | 0.9 | - | - |
  Community service (e.g., parks and recreation, librarian, bus driver, or another public-facing role) | 32 | 4.6 | - | - |
  Currently unemployed | 193 | 27.5 | - | - |
  None of the above | 396 | 56.4 | - | - |
Received prior training about prescription drug abuse (1: Yes) | 189 | 26.9 | - | - |
Received educational training about naloxone (Narcan) (1: Yes) | 106 | 15.1 | - | - |
Use of opioids in the past month (non-medical) | ||||
  Never | 679 | 96.7 | - | - |
  Once or twice | 15 | 2.1 | - | - |
  Monthly | 1 | 0.1 | - | - |
  Weekly | 3 | 0.4 | - | - |
  Daily or almost daily | 3 | 0.4 | - | - |
Use of any drug by injection in the past month (non-medical) | ||||
  No, never | 698 | 99.4 | - | - |
  Yes, at least once in the past 6 months | 3 | 0.4 | - | - |
Ever received naloxone to reverse an overdose (1: Yes) | 5 | 0.7 | - | - |
Ever personally witnessed an opioid overdose (1: Yes) | 59 | 8.4 | - | - |
Ever received services from a harm reduction program (1: Yes) | 1 | 0.1 | - | - |
Trust in Science (1: Low to 5: High) | - | - | 3.81 | 0.61 |
Opioid users will use more opioids if they know they have access to naloxonea | - | - | 3.51 | 1.73 |
Opioid users will be less likely to seek out treatment if they have access to naloxonea | - | - | 3.76 | 1.73 |
People who overdose once on opioids usually will overdose againa | - | - | 4.87 | 1.44 |
People who experience a non-fatal opioid overdose usually die of another overdose within the next 12 monthsa | - | - | 4.35 | 1.33 |
It is risky to provide take-home naloxone to opioid users because they can use it to get high* | - | - | 3.33 | 1.83 |
If trained and provided with naloxone, bystanders can effectively prevent overdoses in the communitya | - | - | 5.57 | 1.38 |