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Table 3 Data source explanations

From: Development of a social distancing monitoring system in Republic of Korea: results of a modified Delphi process

Types of data source

Name of data source

Details (explanations)

Primary data sources

Saramin survey

- Variables included: Type of business companies (large, mid-sized companies, small, etc.), type of industry (financial/insurance, information and IT), telecommuting or not, telecommuting reasons, stress due to social distancing, areas of stress due to social distancing, degree of feeling stress due to social distancing, need for social distancing, types of social distancing practice in daily life, perceptions regarding taking “3–4 days off if feeling sick,” reasons, applicability of measure, reasons why it cannot be implemented, experience commuting even when feeling sick, etc.

- Data period: Once

COVID-19 perception survey by Korea Research

- Variables included: Monthly, whether or not the following measures are in practice in regions (Seoul, Incheon/Gyeonggi, Daejeon/Sejong/Chungcheong, etc.): mask wearing, indoor mask wearing, use of hand sanitizer, daily life changes, restrictions on use of public transportation, restrictions on visits to multi-facilities, refraining from going or eating out, cancellation of gatherings (group dinner), control of work hours, cancellation or delay of hospital visits, etc.

- Data period: Irregular

Reports (current situation) by National Disaster and Safety Status Control Center

- Variables included: Number of business facilities such as Karaoke bars, Internet cafes, nightclubs, private educational institutes are under infectious disease preventive control management

- Data period: Irregular

Secondary data sources

Google Mobility

- Variables included: Nationality, dates movement data for retail stores, leisure facilities, grocery stores, pharmacies, parks, public transportation stops, and working from home arrangements

- Data period: Daily

Floating population and phone calls provided by SKT (SK Telecom) in Tmap data

-Variables included: dates, Si-Gun-Gu, time (hour unit), sex, age (10-year), number of floating population, type of business classified as large scale (amenity, restaurant, medical facility), type of business classified as small scale, rate of making phone calls, search location ranks, etc.

- Data period: Monthly

Floating population data provided by KT

-Variables included: dates, Si-Gun-Gu, time (hour unit), sex, age (10-year), number of floating population

- Data period: Monthly

Credit card sales data provided by Shinhan Card

- Variables included: dates, Si-Gun-Gu, Eup-Myeon-Dong, type of business classified as large scale (restaurant, entertainment, travel, transportation), type of business classified as medium scale, type of business classified as small scale, sex, age, location, income level, credit card sales amount, number of credit card sales

- Data period: Daily

Credit card sales data provided by BC Card

- Variables included: dates, Si-Gun-Gu, Eup-Myeon-Dong, type of business classified as large scale (restaurant, entertainment, travel, transportation), type of business classified as middle scale, type of business classified as small scale, sex, age, location, income level, credit card sales amount, number of credit card sales

- Data period: Daily

Transportation data provided by Gyonggido Traffic control center

- Variables included: Si-Gun-Gu, month, day, number of passengers in express city bus/ regular bus/town bus, name of subway station, number of passengers using subway station, number of passengers in personal/corporate taxi, purpose-specific transportation use (commuting, going to school from home, working, shopping), sex, Si-Do, Si-Gun-Gu, purpose-specific transportation use by distance (units of 5 km) (commuting, going to school, shopping, leisure activities), type of transportation (car, bus, subway, taxi, bike, other)

- Data period: Monthly/Annual

Korean Travel Survey

- Variables included: Resident sex, age, occupation, education, number of people in household, household income, experience of domestic travel / resident or foreigner, number of visitors in major travel hotspot areas domestically, etc.

- Data period: Monthly

- Available data in 2018

Korea Tourism Statistics

- Variables included: Purpose (tourism, commercial, public, study abroad, etc.), nationality of people arriving in Korea, number of departures of Korean residents, destination country, etc.

- Data period: Monthly

- Data source: Korea Tourism Organization

Air transport statistics

- Variables included: International flights by region (Asia, Europe, North America, etc.), number of passengers, cargo weight in tons, number of domestic flights, number of passengers, cargo weight in tons, etc.

- Data period: Monthly

- Data source: Korea Airports Corporation, Incheon International Airport