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Table 3 Bootstrap test of mediation

From: Protection motivation theory and smoking quitting intention: findings based on structural equation modelling and mediation analysis

Bootstrap test

Total effect

Direct effect

Indirect effect

Proportion of total effect

that is mediated

Mediating effect of response efficacy

Model 1: Self-efficacy → Coping appraisal

0.626**

0.502**

0.124**

19.80%

Model 2: Self-efficacy → Coping appraisal

0.630**

0.505**

0.125**

19.84%

Mediating effect of extrinsic rewards

Model 1: Intrinsic rewards → Threat appraisal

-0.480**

-0.277**

-0.203**

42.29%

Model 2: Intrinsic rewards → Threat appraisal

-0.476**

-0.272**

-0.204**

42.86%

  1. **p < 0.01
  2. Model 1-we only included the independent variable, dependent variable and mediating variable in the model
  3. Model 2-In addition to the independent, dependent and mediating variables, we also included control variables (age, sex and life satisfaction) in the model