Essential worker | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
 | Total (n = 2845) | No (n = 1027) | Yes (n = 1818) | p-valuea |
SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS | ||||
Female, n (%) | 1585 (55.7) | 641 (62.4) | 944 (51.9) | <0.001 |
Age group, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.014 |
 18-39 | 566 (19.9) | 234 (22.8) | 332 (18.3) |  |
 40-59 | 1607 (56.5) | 562 (54.7) | 1045 (57.5) |  |
 60+ | 672 (23.6) | 231 (22.5) | 441 (24.3) |  |
White race, n (%) | 2647 (93.0) | 939 (91.4) | 1708 (93.9) | 0.011 |
Some college or less, n (%) | 1127 (39.6) | 200 (19.5) | 927 (51.0) | <0.001 |
Married/partnered, n (%) | 2099 (73.8) | 780 (75.9) | 1312 (72.3) | 0.048 |
Residence type, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 Rural | 830 (29.2) | 241 (23.5) | 589 (32.4) |  |
 Suburban | 1584 (55.7) | 615 (59.9) | 969 (53.3) |  |
 Urban | 431 (15.1) | 171 (16.7) | 260 (14.3) |  |
U.S. Region, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | 0.262 |
 Northeast | 793 (27.9) | 299 (29.1) | 494 (27.2) |  |
 Midwest | 771 (27.1) | 257 (25.0) | 514 (28.3) |  |
 South | 747 (26.3) | 270 (26.3) | 477 (26.2) |  |
 West | 534 (18.8) | 201 (19.6) | 333 (18.3) |  |
ECONOMIC PRECARITY | ||||
Annual household income, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | <0.001 |
 90,000 and over | 1215 (42.7) | 533 (51.9) | 682 (37.5) |  |
 50,000-<90,000 | 759 (26.7) | 253 (24.6) | 506 (27.8) |  |
 <50,000 | 537 (18.9) | 124 (12.1) | 413 (22.7) |  |
Variable income, n (%) | 1563 (54.9) | 346 (33.7) | 1217 (66.9) | <0.001 |
Employer does not offer paid sick leave, n (%) | 701 (24.6) | 149 (14.5) | 552 (30.4) | <0.001 |
No health insurance, n (%) | 139 (4.9) | 35 (3.4) | 104 (5.7) | 0.006 |
Lost income due to COVID-19, n (%) | 1116 (39.2) | 354 (34.5) | 762 (41.9) | <0.001 |
Is food insecure, n (%) | 349 (12.3) | 77 (7.5) | 272 (15.0) | <0.001 |
KNOWLEDGE | ||||
 Stopping going to school/work protective, n (%) | 2357 (82.8) | 935 (91.0) | 1422 (78.2) | <0.001 |
 Washing hands frequently with soap and water protective, n (%) | 2837 (99.7) | 1026 (99.9) | 1811 (99.6) | 0.153 |
COVID-19 THREAT PERCEPTION | ||||
 Perceived risk, M (SD) | 5.2 (0.2) | 5.1 (0.5) | 5.2 (0.3) | 0.134 |
 Perceived severity, M (SD) | 5.5 (0.2) | 5.6 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.3) | 0.006 |
SELF-EFFICACY | ||||
 Can't afford to quarantine, n (%) | 821 (28.9) | 153 (14.9) | 668 (36.7) | <0.001 |
ENDORSED PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS | ||||
 Avoided leaving home, n (%) | 2180 (76.6) | 904 (88.0) | 1276 (70.2) | <0.001 |
 More hand-sanitizer use and/or hand-washing, n (%) | 2639 (92.8) | 1004 (97.8) | 1635 (89.9) | <0.001 |
 Cleaned/disinfected more, n (%) | 977 (34.3) | 350 (34.1) | 627 (34.5) | 0.826 |
 Avoided seeking medical care, n (%) | 1827 (64.2) | 726 (70.7) | 1101 (60.6) | <0.001 |