Table 3 Joanne Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal of Prevalence Studies
Criteria | Crash characteristics and injury patterns among commercial motorcycle users attending Kitale level IV district hospital, Kenya (Sisimwo et al. 2014 [22]) | Epidemiology of head injuries and helmet use among motorcycle crash injury: a quantitative analysis from a local hospital in Western Kenya (Sisimwo et al. 2018 [23]) | Motorcycle injuries at a tertiary referral hospital in Kenya: injury patterns and outcome (Oginni et al. 2006 [32]) | Pediatric Road Traffic Accident Deaths Presenting to a Nigerian Referral Center (Osifo et al. 2012 [25]) | Vulnerability of motorcycle riders and co-riders to injuries in multi-occupant crashes (Oluwadiya et al. 2014) [34] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Were the criteria for inclusion in the sample clearly defined? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
2. Were the study subjects and the setting described in detail? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
3. Was the exposure measure in a valid and reliable way? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
4. Were objective, standard criteria used for measurement of the condition? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
5. Were confounding factors identified? | Yes | No | No | No | No |
6. Were strategies to deal with confounding factors stated? | Yes | No | No | No | No |
7. Were the outcomes measured in a valid and reliable way? | Unclear | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Yes |
8. Was appropriate statistical analysis used? | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Overall Rating | 7 out of 8 | 6 out of 8 | 6 out of 8 | 5 out of 8 | 6 out of 8 |
Overall Appraisal | Include | Include | Include | Include | Include |