Can chatbots help to motivate smoking cessation? A study on the effectiveness of motivational interviewing on engagement and therapeutic alliance

Table 2 Characteristics of participants

		MI condition		Neutral condition		Total sample
Variable ^a		n (%) or M (SD)		n (%) or M (SD)		n (%) or M (SD)
Total N		78	100%	75	100%	153	100%
Gender	Female	51	65.4%	44	58.7%	95	62.1%
	Male	27	34.6%	31	41.3%	58	37.9%
Year of birth	1996–2003	70	89.7%	64	85.3%	134	87.6%
	1991–1995	5	6.4%	9	12%	14	9.2%
	1981–1990	3	3.9%	1	1.3%	4	2.6%
	Before 1981	0	0	1	1.3%	1	0.6%
Daily cigarette consumption		4.6	4.5	5.7	4.2	5.1	4.4
Years of smoking		3.8	3.2	4.6	3.8	4.2	3.5

Note.^a Gender and year of birth were measured in the pre-test questionnaire; daily cigarette consumption and years of smoking were interviewed by the chatbot

ISSN: 1471-2458