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Table 2 Joinpoint analysis of the suicide trend of the global average and Muslim-majority countries from 2000 to 2019

From: An analysis of age-standardized suicide rates in Muslim-majority countries in 2000-2019

Global Average

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2011

-2.2*

-2.4

-2.1

-29.0

< 0.001

 2

2011

2015

-3.6*

-4.8

-2.4

-6.4

< 0.001

 3

2015

2019

-0.9*

-1.7

-0.1

-2.6

0.024

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.3*

-2.6

-2.0

-15.1

< 0.05

Central Asia

Kazakhstan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2005

0.0

-1.8

1.9

0.0

0.990

 2

2005

2019

-5.2*

-5.5

-4.8

-29.4

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.8*

-4.3

-3.3

-14.9

< 0.05

Kyrgyzstan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2014

-2.9*

-3.2

-2.6

-18.7

< 0.001

 2

2014

2019

-5.9*

-7.4

-4.3

-8.0

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.7*

-4.1

-3.3

-16.4

< 0.05

Tajikistan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2002

-5.2*

-9.0

-1.2

-2.7

0.015

 2

2002

2019

1.0*

0.8

1.1

14.4

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.3

-0.1

0.7

1.5

>0.05

Turkmenistan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2006

1.4*

0.2

2.6

2.6

0.024

 2

2006

2011

-13.4*

-15.3

-11.5

-14.2

< 0.001

 3

2011

2019

-3.0*

-3.7

-2.2

-8.6

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-4.5*

-5.2

-3.9

-13.2

< 0.05

Uzbekistan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2009

-4.0*

-4.6

-3.4

-14.0

< 0.001

 2

2009

2016

1.4*

0.3

2.6

2.7

0.020

 3

2016

2019

-3.6*

-6.8

-0.2

-2.3

0.042

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.9*

-2.6

-1.3

-5.6

< 0.05

South Asia

Pakistan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

0.8

-0.2

1.7

1.8

0.101

 2

2003

2011

-1.5*

-1.8

-1.3

-13.2

< 0.001

 3

2011

2019

-0.2*

-0.4

-0.0

-2.4

0.034

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.6*

-0.8

-0.4

-6.6

< 0.05

Bangladesh

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

-5.9*

-7.6

-4.1

-7.2

< 0.001

 2

2003

2008

-1.3*

-2.5

-0.1

-2.5

0.035

 3

2008

2014

-6.7*

-7.5

-5.9

-18.5

< 0.001

 4

2014

2019

1.6*

0.7

2.4

4.2

0.002

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.0*

-3.5

-2.6

-12.5

< 0.05

Afghanistan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2006

-0.4

-1.1

0.3

-1.3

0.223

 2

2006

2012

-3.5*

-4.4

-2.7

-8.8

< 0.001

 3

2012

2019

-0.6*

-1.1

-0.1

-2.5

0.027

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.5*

-1.8

-1.1

-8.1

< 0.05

Maldives

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2004

-7.1*

-9.0

-5.2

-8.1

< 0.001

 2

2004

2013

-4.1*

-4.8

-3.4

-13.4

< 0.001

 3

2013

2016

4.9

-1.7

12.0

1.7

0.130

 4

2016

2019

-4.3*

-7.4

-1.1

-3.0

0.014

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.4*

-4.5

-2.4

-6.2

< 0.05

Southeastern Asia

Indonesia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2014

-2.7*

-2.8

-2.5

-36.4

< 0.001

 2

2014

2019

-0.3

-1.0

0.5

-0.8

0.439

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.0*

-2.2

-1.8

-19.1

< 0.05

Malaysia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2013

-1.4*

-1.7

-1.1

-11.3

< 0.001

 2

2013

2019

2.3*

1.5

3.2

5.7

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.2

-0.5

0.1

-1.5

>0.05

Brunei

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2019

2.6*

0.7

4.5

2.9

0.010

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

2.6*

0.7

4.5

2.9

< 0.05

Western Asia

Iran

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2006

-5.6*

-6.7

-4.5

-10.8

< 0.001

 2

2006

2015

0.8*

0.1

1.6

2.4

0.036

 3

2015

2019

-4.1*

-6.2

-2.0

-4.2

0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.3*

-2.9

-1.7

-7.4

< 0.05

Turkey

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2007

-6.2*

-7.1

-5.2

-14.0

< 0.001

 2

2007

2012

-2.8*

-5.0

-0.4

-2.6

0.024

 3

2012

2019

0.3

-0.7

1.3

0.6

0.586

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.0*

-3.7

-2.2

-8.1

< 0.05

Iraq

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2008

-0.7*

-1.2

-0.3

-3.7

0.003

 2

2008

2013

2.9*

1.6

4.2

4.9

< 0.001

 3

2013

2019

-3.1*

-3.7

-2.4

-10.0

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.6*

-0.9

-0.2

-2.7

< 0.05

Saudi Arabia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2005

1.0*

0.1

1.9

2.5

0.026

 2

2005

2012

7.1*

6.4

7.8

23.3

< 0.001

 3

2012

2019

-2.5*

-3.0

-2.0

-11.0

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

1.9*

1.5

2.2

10.7

< 0.05

Yemen

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2015

-1.4*

-1.5

-1.3

-23.7

< 0.001

 2

2015

2019

0.8

-0.2

1.7

1.7

0.113

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.0*

-1.2

-0.8

-9.1

< 0.05

Syria

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2006

-1.8

-3.8

0.2

-1.9

0.072

 2

2006

2019

1.3*

0.7

1.9

4.4

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.3

-0.4

1.0

0.9

>0.05

Jordan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2004

-3.8*

-5.2

-2.4

-6.1

< 0.001

 2

2004

2009

-7.2*

-8.5

-5.8

-11.8

< 0.001

 3

2009

2015

-1.6*

-2.6

-0.6

-3.7

0.005

 4

2015

2019

1.2

-0.3

2.6

1.9

0.096

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.0*

-3.5

-2.4

-10.5

< 0.05

Azerbaijan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2006

6.5*

5.7

7.4

18.1

< 0.001

 2

2006

2016

-2.5*

-2.9

-2.1

-13.3

< 0.001

 3

2016

2019

0.7

-1.6

3.0

0.6

0.536

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.8*

0.3

1.2

3.5

< 0.05

United Arab Emirates

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

-5.1*

-7.3

-2.9

-5.1

0.001

 2

2003

2011

-1.0*

-1.6

-0.4

-3.6

0.005

 3

2011

2017

-4.7*

-5.7

-3.7

-10.6

< 0.001

 4

2017

2019

4.0

-0.7

9.0

1.9

0.085

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.3*

-3.0

-1.7

-7.2

< 0.05

Lebanon

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2019

-0.2

-0.6

0.1

-1.3

0.199

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.2

-0.6

0.1

-1.3

>0.05

Oman

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2010

-0.8*

-1.5

-0.2

-2.8

0.016

 2

2010

2013

-8.2*

-15.6

-0.0

-2.2

0.049

 3

2013

2019

-1.0

-2.4

0.5

-1.5

0.168

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.1*

-3.3

-0.8

-3.1

< 0.05

Kuwait

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2005

-2.4*

-4.6

-0.2

-2.5

0.036

 2

2005

2008

2.7

-7.1

13.5

0.6

0.561

 3

2008

2011

-7.9

-16.7

1.8

-1.9

0.096

 4

2011

2019

2.3*

1.2

3.4

4.7

0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.6

-2.6

1.5

-0.5

1

Qatar

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2005

-4.4*

-5.8

-2.9

-6.5

< 0.001

 2

2005

2008

4.1

-2.9

11.5

1.3

0.222

 3

2008

2015

-5.3*

-6.4

-4.2

-10.6

< 0.001

 4

2015

2019

-1.2

-3.3

1.0

-1.3

0.241

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.8*

-3.9

-1.6

-4.8

< 0.05

Bahrain

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

11.5*

3.5

20.2

3.2

0.008

 2

2003

2013

-4.9*

-6.2

-3.6

-8.0

< 0.001

 3

2013

2019

2.3

-0.2

4.9

2.0

0.071

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.2

-1.6

1.2

-0.3

1

North Africa

Egypt

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2008

-0.7*

-1.4

-0.1

-2.5

0.027

 2

2008

2013

1.6

-0.3

3.5

1.8

0.090

 3

2013

2019

-2.2*

-3.1

-1.2

-4.8

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.6*

-1.1

-0.0

-2.0

< 0.05

Algeria

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2011

-4.4*

-4.6

-4.1

-39.9

< 0.001

 2

2011

2014

-1.0

-4.7

2.8

-0.6

0.552

 3

2014

2017

-3.9*

-7.4

-0.2

-2.4

0.041

 4

2017

2019

2.2

-1.6

6.1

1.3

0.225

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-3.1*

-3.9

-2.3

-7.6

< 0.05

Sudan

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2008

-0.8*

-1.2

-0.4

-5.0

0.001

 2

2008

2011

0.4

-3.0

3.9

0.3

0.795

 3

2011

2016

-1.7*

-2.8

-0.7

-3.6

0.005

 4

2016

2019

-0.1

-1.8

1.7

-0.1

0.913

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.8*

-1.4

-0.2

-2.5

< 0.05

Morocco

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2011

-1.2*

-1.4

-0.9

-10.2

< 0.001

 2

2011

2015

-5.6*

-7.4

-3.9

-6.7

< 0.001

 3

2015

2019

-0.8

-2.0

0.4

-1.4

0.174

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-2.1*

-2.5

-1.6

-9.2

< 0.05

Tunisia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

-0.1

-1.3

1.2

-0.1

0.929

 2

2003

2016

-2.1*

-2.2

-1.9

-30.3

< 0.001

 3

2016

2019

2.3*

1.0

3.6

4.0

0.002

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.1*

-1.3

-0.8

-7.7

< 0.05

Libya

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2019

0.1

-0.6

0.9

0.4

0.670

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.1

-0.6

0.9

0.4

1

Sub-Saharan Africa

Niger

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2013

0.8*

0.6

1.0

8.9

< 0.001

 2

2013

2019

-0.9*

-1.5

-0.3

-3.3

0.005

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.2*

0.0

0.4

2.2

< 0.05

Mali

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2013

0.1

-0.1

0.3

0.8

0.453

 2

2013

2019

-1.8*

-2.4

-1.2

-6.3

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.5*

-0.7

-0.3

-4.8

< 0.05

Senegal

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2019

-1.3*

-1.4

-1.2

-27.2

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.3*

-1.4

-1.2

-27.2

< 0.05

Burkina Faso

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2002

-3.0*

-4.4

-1.7

-5.0

0.001

 2

2002

2010

-0.1

-0.3

0.1

-1.4

0.195

 3

2010

2013

0.6

-0.8

2.1

1.0

0.330

 4

2013

2019

-1.8*

-2.0

-1.6

-17.3

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.8*

-1.1

-0.6

-6.6

< 0.05

Somalia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2010

1.8*

1.4

2.2

10.4

< 0.001

 2

2010

2015

-2.8*

-4.2

-1.3

-4.1

0.002

 3

2015

2019

1.5*

0.0

3.1

2.2

0.047

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.5*

0.0

1.0

2.1

< 0.05

Guinea

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2013

2.6*

2.3

2.9

21.3

< 0.001

 2

2013

2019

-1.4*

-2.3

-0.6

-3.8

0.002

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

1.3*

1.0

1.6

8.8

< 0.05

Chad

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2012

0.0

-0.2

0.2

0.1

0.937

 2

2012

2015

-3.9*

-6.7

-1.0

-2.9

0.013

 3

2015

2019

-1.2*

-2.2

-0.3

-2.9

0.014

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.9*

-1.3

-0.4

-3.7

< 0.05

Sierra Leone

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2010

1.8*

1.4

2.2

10.4

< 0.001

 2

2010

2015

-2.8*

-4.2

-1.3

-4.1

0.002

 3

2015

2019

1.5*

0.0

3.1

2.2

0.047

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.5*

0.0

1.0

2.1

< 0.05

Mauritania

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2011

-1.4*

-1.7

-1.2

-10.8

< 0.001

 2

2011

2019

0.1

-0.3

0.6

0.6

0.548

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.8*

-1.0

-0.5

-6.5

< 0.05

Gambia

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2003

1.4

-0.7

3.5

1.5

0.169

 2

2003

2013

-0.8*

-1.2

-0.5

-4.9

< 0.001

 3

2013

2019

-1.9*

-2.6

-1.3

-6.2

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-0.8*

-1.2

-0.5

-4.2

< 0.05

Djibouti

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2004

0.4

-0.9

1.7

0.7

0.512

 2

2004

2008

-1.5

-3.6

0.5

-1.7

0.124

 3

2008

2013

1.2

-0.1

2.6

2.1

0.063

 4

2013

2019

0.0

-0.6

0.7

0.2

0.879

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.1

-0.5

0.7

0.3

1

Comoros

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2005

-3.9*

-5.1

-2.7

-6.9

< 0.001

 2

2005

2019

-0.4*

-0.7

-0.2

-3.4

0.004

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.3*

-1.7

-1.0

-7.7

< 0.05

Southern Europe

Bosnia and Herzegovina

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2007

1.6*

0.9

2.3

5.2

< 0.001

 2

2007

2010

-3.3

-8.1

1.7

-1.4

0.174

 3

2010

2019

-0.1

-0.5

0.4

-0.4

0.711

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

0.0

-0.8

0.8

0.1

1

Albania

 Segment

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

APC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic (t)

Prob > |t|

 1

2000

2008

8.1*

3.4

12.9

3.7

0.002

 2

2008

2019

-7.9*

-10.4

-5.3

-6.4

< 0.001

 Range

Lower Endpoint

Upper Endpoint

AAPC

Lower CI

Upper CI

Test Statistic~

P-Value~

 Full Range

2000

2019

-1.5

-3.7

0.8

-1.3

>0.05

  1. Note. APC Average Percent of Change. AAPC Annual Average Percentage of Change. CI Confidence Intervals. UAE United Arab Emirates. *significant at p < 0.05