Table 1 Background characteristics, suicide circumstance, stressors and risk factors by cluster and between-cluster difference
Count (% within Cluster) | Count (%) | Significance (p) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster 1 School distress (N = 14) | Cluster 2 Hidden (N = 9) | Cluster 3 Family and relationship (N = 7) | Cluster 4 Numerous issues (N = 5) | ALL (N = 35) | Between-cluster | |
BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS | ||||||
Mean age | 15.7 | 14.4 | 15.9 | 16.4 | 15.6 | 0.531 |
Sex, male | 7 (50.0%) | 8 (88.9%) | 5 (71.4%) | 3 (60.0%) | 23 (65.7%) | 0.287 |
Intact Family | 11 (78.6%) | 6 (66.7%) | 7 (100%) | 2 (40.0%) | 26 (74.3%) | 0.113 |
Non-local student | 5 (35.7%) | 3 (33.3%) | 1 (14.3%) | 2 (40.0%) | 11 (31.4%) | 0.752 |
Low Income Family (Received government assistance) | 1 (7.1%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (40.0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0.228 |
SUICIDE CIRCUMSTANCE | ||||||
Suicide method | ||||||
Jumpinga | 10 (71.4%) | 5 (55.6%) | 6 (85.7%) | 4 (80.0%) | 25 (71.4%) | 0.628 |
Hanging | 2 (14.3%) | 3 (33.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 6 (17.1%) | - |
Others (drowning, suffocation, electrocution) | 2 (14.3%) | 1 (11.1%) | 1 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (11.4%) | - |
Left a suicide note/message on social media | 8 (57.1%) | 4 (44.4%) | 7 (100%) | 2 (40.0%) | 21 (60.0%) | 0.076 |
STRESSORS AND RISK FACTORS | ||||||
School (academic, poor relations, SEN, disengagement) | 14 (100%) | 5 (55.6%) | 2 (28.6%) | 5 (100%) | 26 (74.3%) | 0.001 |
Family (poor family relations or conflict, non-conflict issue) | 0 (0%) | 6 (66.7%) | 4 (57.1%) | 5 (100%) | 15 (42.9%) | 0.000 |
Close relationship (poor peer or romantic relations or conflict) | 0 (0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 5 (71.4%) | 4 (80.0%) | 10 (28.6%) | 0.000 |
Social challenge (bullying, dislocation) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (80.0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0.000 |
Finance | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (40.0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 0.017 |
Risk behaviour (smoking, substance abuse, delinquency) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (14.3%) | 2 (40.0%) | 3 (8.6%) | 0.018 |
Suicide exposure | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (20.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 0.143 |
Unspecified issue | 1 (7.1%) | 1 (11.1%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 1.000 |
Physical health issue (diagnosed or complaint) | 7 (50.0%) | 1 (11.1%) | 2 (28.6%) | 3 (60.0%) | 13 (37.1%) | 0.187 |
Self-harm | 2 (14.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (14.3%) | 1 (20.0%) | 4 (11.4%) | 0.536 |
Suicidality (ideation or attempt history) | 7 (50.0%) | 0 (0%) | 7 (100%) | 3 (60.0%) | 17 (48.6%) | 0.000 |
Mental health issue (diagnosed, complaint, or used services) | 9 (64.3%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (28.6%) | 3 (60.0%) | 14 (40.0%) | 0.007 |
Psychological maladjustment (emotional distress, problem coping) | 14 (100%) | 2 (22.2%) | 6 (85.7%) | 5 (100%) | 27 (77.1%) | 0.000 |