Table 2 Baseline sociodemographic, reproductive health, and clinical characteristics according to CHW and CIC groups and Zone subgroups

Participants recruited n (%)

1002 (87.9%)

88 (7.7%)

32 (2.8%)

18 (1.6%)

218 (38.6%)

164 (29.0%)

78 (13.8%)

105 (18.6%)

Age (years), mean ± SD

39.1 (±5.9)

41.4 (±5.6)

41.5 (±5.4)

42.3 (±4.3)

<  0.001

40.9 (±5.7)

43.1 (±5.4)

43 (±5.5)

41.9 (±5.3)

<  0.001

Marital status

<  0.001

0.023

 Single

81 (8.1%)

3 (3.4%)

3 (9.4%)

0

15 (6.9%)

6 (3.7%)

2 (2.6%)

0

 Married/In a relationship

870 (86.8%)

76 (86.4%)

25 (78.1%)

13 (72.2%)

189 (86.7%)

133 (81.1%)

65 (83.3%)

91 (86.7%)

 Divorced/widowed

50 (5.0%)

9 (10.2%)

4 (12.5%)

5 (27.8%)

14 (6.4%)

25 (15.2%)

11 (14.1%)

13 (12.4%)

Education

< 0.001

<  0.001

 Unschooled

3 (0.3%)

2 (2.3%)

0

0

1 (0.5%)

6 (3.7%)

1 (1.3%)

1 (1.0%)

 Primary education

174 (17.4%)

25 (28.4%)

12 (37.5%)

11 (61.1%)

86 (39.5%)

85 (51.8%)

47 (60.3%)

51 (48.6%)

 Secondary education and higher

824 (82.2%)

61 (69.3%)

20 (62.5%)

7 (38.9%)

131 (60.1%)

72 (43.9%)

30 (38.5%)

52 (49.5%)

Employment status

< 0.001

<  0.001

 Employed

382 (38.1%)

16 (18.2%)

8 (25%)

3 (16.7%)

36 (16.5%)

11 (6.7%)

10 (12.8%)

3 (2.9%)

 Self-employed

332 (33.1%)

14 (15.9%)

2 (6.3%)

2 (11.1%)

76 (34.9%)

30 (18.3%)

6 (7.7%)

6 (5.7%)

 Farmer

55 (5.5%)

30 (34.1%)

11 (34.4%)

9 (50%)

33 (15.1%)

81 (49.4%)

50 (92.3%)

80 (76.2%)

 Unemployed, Housewife and student

232 (23.2%)

28 (31.4%)

11 (34.4%)

4 (22.2%)

73 (33.5%)

42 (25.6%)

12 (15.4%)

15 (14.3%)

Age at menarche (years), mean ± SD

14.6 (1.8)

14.6 (1.8)

15.1 (1.8)

14.7 (1.6)

0.389

15.0 (1.7)

14.7 (1.6)

14.9 (1.7)

14.9 (1.8)

0.583

Age at first intercourse, mean ± SD

18.1 (2.9)

17.3 (1.9)

17.9 (2.8)

16.3 (1.5)

0.004

17.9 (2.5)

17.2 (2.0)

17.4 (2.4)

17.0 (2.5)

0.012

Number of sexual partners, median (IQR)

3 (2–5)

3 (2–5)

3 (2–4)

3 (2.8–4.3)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–4)

2 (1–4)

3 (2–5)

Age at first delivery (years), mean ± SD

21.5 (5.9)

19.6 (4.2)

20.6 (4.7)

19.7 (2.7)

0.013

19.9 (4.5)

19.59 (3.7)

20.2 (4.1)

19.3 (5.0)

0.777

Parity

0.001

0.001

 Nulliparous

47 (4.7%)

3 (3.4%)

1 (3.1%)

0

5 (2.3%)

3 (1.8%)

1 (1.3%)

2 (1.9%)

 1–4

498 (49.7%)

27 (30.7%)

11 (34.4%)

4 (22.2%)

72 (33.0%)

46 (28.1%)

19 (24.4%)

17 (16.2%)

  > 4

456 (45.5%)

58 (65.9%)

20 (62.5%)

14 (77.8%)

141 (64.7%)

115 (70.1%)

58 (74.4%)

85 (81.0%)

Contraception

0.002

0.120

 None

659 (65.8%)

61 (69.3%)

28 (87.5%)

14 (77.8%)

160 (73.4%)

131 (79.9%)

57 (73.1%)

66 (62.9%)

 Condom

152 (15.2%)

12 (13.6%)

2 (6.3%)

1 (5.6%)

8 (3.7%)

6 (3.7%)

3 (3.9%)

3 (2.9%)

 Other

190 (19.0%)

15 (17.1%)

2 (6.3%)

3 (16.7%)

50 (22.9%)

26 (15.9%)

18 (23.1%)

34 (32.4%)

Previous cervical cancer screening

0.092

0.017

 None

746 (74.5%)

74 (84.1%)

29 (90.6%)

17 (94.4%)

201 (92.2%)

162 (98.8%)

76 (97.4%)

102 (97.1%)

 Yes

255 (25.5%)

14 (15.9%)

3 (9.4%)

1 (5.6%)

17 (7.8%)

2 (1.2%)

2 (2.6%)

2 (1.9%)

HIV status (self-reported)

0.004

0.596

 Negative

949 (94.7%)

82 (93.2%)

26 (81.3%)

17 (94.4%)

213 (97.7%)

159 (97.0%)

75 (96.2%)

100 (95.2%)

 Positive

39 (3.9%)

5 (5.7%)

3 (9.4%)

0

3 (1.4%)

3 (1.8%)

2 (2.6%)

1 (1.0%)

HPV testing results

0.091

0.741

 Negative

817 (81.54%)

76 (86.36%)

27 (84.38%)

12 (66.67%)

180 (82.57%)

135 (82.32%)

64 (82.05%)

87 (82.86%)

 Positive

185 (18.46%)

12 (13.64%)

5 (15.63%)

6 (33.33%)

38 (17.43%)

29 (17.68%)

14 (17.95%)

18 (17.14%)