Table 5 Sequelae observed during follow-up

At least one complication

242

43.8 (39.8–48.0)

191.4 (168.1 - 217.1)

510

23.1 (21.4–24.9)

82.7 (75.7 - 90.2)

< 0.001

Death

61

11.1 (8.7–13.9)

33.3 (25.5 - 42.8)

93

4.2 (3.5–5.1)

12.6 (10.2 - 15.5)

< 0.001

Neurological sequelae

116

21.0 (17.8–24.6)

77.2 (63.8 - 92.6)

208

9.4 (8.3–10.7)

30.8 (26.7 - 35.3)

< 0.001

  Abnormal brain activity

88

15.9 (13.1–19.2)

55.8 (44.8 - 68.8)

140

6.3 (5.4–7.4)

20.2 (17.0 - 23.9)

< 0.001

  Communication disorder

4

0.7 (0.3–1.8)

2.2 (0.6 - 5.7)

9

0.4 (0.2–0.8)

1.2 (0.6 - 2.4)

0.329

  Intellectual disability

19

3.4 (2.2–5.3)

10.6 (6.4 - 16.6)

46

2.1 (1.6–2.8)

6.4 (4.7 - 8.5)

0.037

  Motor deficits

0

0.0 (0.0–0.7)

0.0 (0.0 - 2.0)

1

0.0 (0.0–0.3)

0.1 (0.0 - 0.8)

0.993

  Sensory system deficits

14

2.5 (1.5–4.2)

7.9 (4.3 - 13.2)

28

1.3 (0.9–1.8)

3.9 (2.6 - 5.6)

0.017

  Other neurological complications

3

0.5 (0.2–1.6)

1.7 (0.3 - 4.9)

2

0.1 (0.0–0.3)

0.3 (0.0 - 1.0)

0.050

Physical sequelae

115

20.8 (17.7–24.4)

76.8 (63.4 - 92.2)

268

12.1 (10.8–13.6)

40.7 (36.0 - 45.9)

< 0.001

  Cardio/vascular conditions

10

1.8 (1.0–3.3)

5.6 (2.7 - 10.2)

16

0.7 (0.4–1.2)

2.2 (1.3 - 3.6)

0.021

  Dermatological conditions

9

1.6 (0.9–3.1)

5.0 (2.3 - 9.5)

33

1.5 (1.1–2.1)

4.6 (3.2 - 6.5)

0.571

  Musculoskeletal deficiencies

22

4.0 (2.6–6.0)

12.6 (7.9 - 19.0)

64

2.9 (2.3–3.7)

9.0 (6.9 - 11.5)

0.165

  Renal conditions

34

6.2 (4.4–8.5)

19.3 (13.4 - 27.0)

64

2.9 (2.3–3.7)

8.9 (6.8 - 11.3)

< 0.001

  Other physical conditions

78

14.1 (11.5–17.3)

49.4 (39.0 - 61.6)

135

6.1 (5.2–7.2)

19.5 (16.4 - 23.1)

< 0.001

Psychological/behavioural sequelae

26

4.7 (3.2–6.8)

15.0 (9.8 - 21.9)

66

3.0 (2.4–3.8)

9.3 (7.2 - 11.8)

0.039

  Anxiety disorders

8

1.4 (0.7–2.8)

4.5 (1.9 - 8.8)

22

1.0 (0.7–1.5)

3.0 (1.9 - 4.6)

0.335

  Behavioural disorders

0

0.0 (0.0–0.7)

0.0 (0.0 - 2.0)

0

0.0 (0.0–0.2)

0.0 (0.0 - 0.5)

NA

  Other psychological/emotional/behavioural disorders

22

4.0 (2.6–6.0)

12.5 (7.9 - 19.0)

54

2.4 (1.9–3.2)

7.5 (5.7 - 9.8)

0.044