Skip to main content

Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: What is the impact of structural and cultural factors and interventions within educational settings on promoting positive mental health and preventing poor mental health: a systematic review

Criteria

Specification

Population

Include:

Studies where the target population were pupils aged 4–18 years

Intervention

Include:

Intervention or non-intervention studies that have reported on either 1) the impact of one or more physical, cultural or organisational factors within a statutory educational setting on student MH or 2) the impact of a change to physical, cultural or organisational factors within a statutory educational setting on student MH or 3) the impact of an intervention targeting one or more physical, cultural or organisational factors within an educational setting

Exclude:

Studies where the intervention was MH-related services or support (e.g., counselling), studies that only reported on individual perceptions of environmental factors, or did not report any MH outcomes

Comparator

Include:

Non-intervention studies where the comparison group had no exposure to the physical, cultural or organisational environment factor(s) of interest

Intervention studies where the comparison group could be those in receipt of a different intervention targeting the same factors, or no intervention at all

Outcomes

Include:

Studies that reported on improvements in positive MH; reduction of incidence, prevalence, severity or recurrence of poor MH and/or of self-harm or suicidal thoughts or behaviour

Setting

Include:

Studies conducted in statutory education settings. Statutory educational settings are those that provide formal statutory education and includes schools, and non-mainstream settings such as those for CYP who have been excluded from school (pupil referral units (PRUs) in the United Kingdom (UK)) and those for CYP who have special needs. It also includes colleges of further education, although these will also include students older than the age of 18

Exclude:

Studies in non-formal or non-statutory settings such as youth and sports clubs, or nurseries

Study design

Include:

Randomised controlled trial, quasi-randomised controlled trial, controlled before-and-after study, prospective cohort study, and qualitative studies. Natural experiments provided they had a valid comparator

Exclude:

Cross-sectional, or case studies of individual pupils. Non-empirical studies such as letters, commentaries, editorials, opinion pieces and book reviews

Country, language

Include:

Any country

Full text in English

  1. CYP children and young, MH mental health, UK United Kingdom, PRU pupil referral units