Skip to main content

Table 1 Characteristics of the sample and the bivariate associations between predictors and outcome variables

From: Health and self-perceived barriers to internet use among older migrants: a population-based study

   

Barriers of internet use (MCA)

Internet too complicated

Internet safety concerns

Variable

Count

%

Mean

p

%

p

%

p

Gender

   

0.786

 

0.544

 

0.941

  Female

466

43.1

-0.01

 

11.59

 

23.82

 

  Male

616

56.9

0.01

 

10.71

 

23.86

 

Age

1082

63.2 (8.4)

0.30

<0.0005

1.10

<0.0005

0.98

0.365

Marital status

   

0.013

 

<0.0005

 

0.387

  Married or cohabiting

796

74.6

-0.05

 

9.67

 

25.38

 

  Other

271

25.4

0.14

 

15.50

 

20.66

 

Command of Finnish or Swedish

   

<0.0005

 

<0.0005

 

0.023

  Poor

634

62.2

0.08

 

14.04

 

21.92

 

  Good

385

37.8

-0.17

 

5.45

 

26.75

 

Highest education in the country of origin

   

<0.0005

 

<0.0005

 

0.502

  Higher education

541

50.0

-0.12

 

7.02

 

23.66

 

  Vocational education

459

42.4

0.09

 

13.94

 

24.62

 

  General/No education/Missing

82

7.6

0.25

 

21.95

 

20.73

 

Income support

   

<0.0005

 

<0.0005

 

0.020

  No

592

58.4

-0.12

 

7.26

 

27.03

 

  Yes

421

41.6

0.11

 

15.44

 

19.95

 

Internet problems

        

  Use is too complicated and it is too hard to learn

120

11.1

.

.

.

.

.

.

  I am concerned about internet safety issues

258

23.8

.

.

.

.

.

.

  Someone else than myself takes care of the matters that require internet use

160

14.8

.

.

.

.

.

.

  Use of internet is too expensive

38

3.5

.

.

.

.

.

.

  Use of internet is complicated by the limited eyesight, hearing or other physical reasons

56

5.2

.

.

.

.

.

.

  Memory problems hinder the internet use

20

1.9

.

.

.

.

.

.

  I have not faced any of such problems

563

52.0

.

.

.

.

.

.

Diagnosed diseases

        

  High blood pressure, hypertension

515

47.6

0.13

<0.0005

13.79

<0.0005

24.47

0.703

  Spine deterioration, sciatica or other back problem

344

31.8

0.07

0.095

11.52

0.410

26.45

0.102

  Osteoarthritis, joint deterioration

304

28.1

0.14

0.012

15.46

<0.0005

23.03

0.740

  Rheumatoid arthritis or other rheumatoid disease

121

11.2

0.23

0.027

15.70

0.203

25.62

0.151

  Depression or other mental health problems

106

9.8

0.16

0.155

16.04

0.008

19.81

0.301

  Asthma

72

6.7

0.14

0.144

9.72

0.942

25.00

0.687

  Diabetes

144

13.3

0.14

0.226

11.81

0.971

26.39

0.587

  Memory disorders (Alzheimer's or dementia)

19

1.8

0.78

0.012

31.58

0.007

21.05

0.294

  Cancer

76

7.0

0.12

0.258

10.53

0.999

18.42

0.857

  Other chronic disease or health problem

374

34.6

0.10

0.081

13.64

0.020

21.39

0.062

Depressive symptoms (CES-D)

   

<0.0005

 

0.024

 

0.009

  No

772

71.4

-0.13

 

9.46

 

22.41

 

  Yes

194

17.9

0.39

 

18.56

 

30.41

 

  Missing

116

10.7

0.21

 

9.48

 

22.41

 

Self-rated health

   

<0.0005

 

<0.0005

 

0.055

  Good or fairly good

431

40.2

-0.29

 

5.34

 

21.35

 

  Average to poor

640

59.8

0.18

 

14.69

 

25.47

 

Memory: poor or very poor

64

6.0

0.55

0.006

28.13

0.002

17.19

0.410

Concentration: poor or very poor

27

2.6

0.79

<0.0005

33.33

<0.0005

11.11

0.261

New information and learning: poor or very poor

79

7.6

0.82

<0.0005

35.44

<0.0005

24.05

0.976

  1. Footnote:
  2. Statistical tests performed with cluster-robust variance estimation & survey weights
  3. Results with a p-value ≤ 0.05 in bold
  4. Cell contents for age: count, mean (SD); correlation, p; odds ratio, OR, p; OR, p