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Table 4 Joinpoint trend analysis of liver cancer incidence, mortality, and 1-MIR rates worldwide by age group, 1990–2019

From: Global pattern of trends in incidence, mortality, and mortality-to-incidence ratio rates related to liver cancer, 1990–2019: a longitudinal analysis based on the global burden of disease study

Measure

Trend

0–14

15–49

50–69

70+

Year

APC (95%CI)

Year

APC (95%CI)

Year

APC (95%CI)

Year

APC (95%CI)

Mortality

         
 

Trend1

1990–1996

0(−0.30, 0.20)

1990–1996

3.20*(2.70, 3.70)

1990–1996

1.60*(1.30, 2.00)

1990–1996

2.60*(2.40, 2.80)

 

Trend2

1996–2000

−3.80*(−4.50, −3.20)

1996–2000

−3.40*(−4.70, −20)

1996–2000

−2.30*(−3.20, −1.40)

1996–2000

−0.20(− 0.70, 0.30)

 

Trend3

2000–2003

−7.30*(−8.60, −6.00)

2000–2004

− 13.10*(− 14.30, −11.90)

2000–2004

− 10.40*(− 11.20, −9.60)

2000–2004

−5.50*(−6.00, −5.00)

 

Trend4

2003–2007

−1.50*(−2.20, − 0.80)

2004–2007

− 3.20*(−5.80, − 0.50)

2004–2007

−2.60*(− 4.40, − 0.80)

2004–2019

−0.50*(− 0.70, − 0.40)

 

Trend5

2007–2012

0.10(− 0.40, 0.50)

2007–2019

−0.20*(− 0.30, 00)

2007–2012

− 1.0*(− 1.60, − 0.50)

  
 

Trend6

2012–2019

− 1.00*(− 1.20, − 0.80)

  

2012–2019

0.50*(0.20, 0.70)

  
 

AAPC

1990–2019

− 1.80*(− 2.00, − 1.60)

1990–2019

− 2.10*(− 2.50, − 1.80)

1990–2019

− 1.80*(− 2.10, − 1.60)

1990–2019

− 0.40*(− 0.50, − 0.30)

Incidence

         
 

Trend1

1990–1995

0.50*(0.10, 1.00)

1990–1995

3.70*(3.20, 4.10)

1990–1994

2.4*(2.10, 2.7)

1990–1994

3.50*(3.20, 3.80)

 

Trend2

1995–2000

−2.50*(− 3.10, − 1.90)

1995–2000

−2.00*(− 2.60, − 1.40)

1994–1998

− 0.40(− 0.80, 0.00)

1994–2000

0.90*(0.700, 1.10)

 

Trend3

2000–2004

− 5.50*(− 6.40, − 4.60)

2000–2005

− 11.30*(− 11.90, − 10.80)

1998–2001

− 3.60*(− 4.50, − 2.80)

2000–2005

−4.10*(− 4.40, − 3.80)

 

Trend4

2004–2019

− 0.20*(− 0.30, − 0.10)

2005–2019

0.20*(0.10, 0.30)

2001–2005

−9.30*(− 9.70, − 8.90)

2005–2019

0.00(0.00, 0.10)

 

Trend5

    

2005–2011

− 0.80*(− 1.00, − 0.60)

  
 

Trend6

    

2011–2019

0.30*(0.30, 0.40)

  
 

AAPC

1990–2019

− 1.20*(− 1.40, − 1.10)

1990–2019

−1.70*(− 1.90, − 1.50)

1990–2019

−1.50*(− 1.60, − 1.40)

1990–2019

0.00(− 0.10, 0.00)

1-MIR

         
 

Trend1

  

1990–1992

8.90(−4.50, 24.20)

1990–1992

10.90*(0.100, 22.90)

  
 

Trend2

  

1992–1999

− 3.00*(− 5.10, − 0.80)

1992–1999

− 2.00*(− 3.70, − 0.30)

  
 

Trend3

  

1999–2002

23.90*(8.70, 41.20)

1999–2002

35.00*(21.80, 49.50)

  
 

Trend4

  

2002–2005

−7.00(−18.40, 6.00)

2002–2006

−6.20*(− 10.90, − 1.30)

  
 

Trend5

  

2005–2012

3.80*(1.60, 6.20)

2006–2012

4.20*(1.80, 6.60)

  
 

Trend6

  

2012–2019

0.40(−1.30, 2.20)

2012–2019

−0.50(− 1.90, 0.90)

  
 

AAPC

  

1990–2019

2.40*(0.30, 4.50)

1990–2019

3.20*(1.70, 4.80)

  
  1. APC Annual Percentage Change, AAPC Average Annual Percent Change, CI Confidence Interval, MIR Mortality-to-incidence Ratio 
  2. *Significantly different from 0 at alpha = 0.05 (p < 0.05). There are 1+(number of trend) joinpoints for each model