Table 6 Adolescent sex, household income, and parent education association with parent- and adolescent-reported spanking
Parent-reported: Child ever spanked, age 10 or younger | Adolescent-reported: Ever spanked, age 10 or younger | |
|---|---|---|
AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
Adolescent Sex | ||
Male | 1.16 (0.89–1.51) | 0.91 (0.69–1.19) |
Female (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Household Income | ||
$49,999 or less | 1.44 (0.92–2.25) | 1.34 (0.85–2.10) |
$50,000 to $99,999 | 1.56 (1.05–2.32) * | 2.02 (1.35–3.01) ** |
$100,000 to $149,999 | 1.24 (0.81–1.91) | 1.36 (0.89–2.09) |
$150,000 or more (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Parent Education | ||
High school completion or less | 1.19 (0.75–1.88) | 0.98 (0.62–1.54) |
Some post-secondary | 1.65 (1.02–2.66) * | 1.53 (0.93–2.51) |
Completed trade school or community college | 1.43 (0.97–2.12) | 1.05 (0.71–1.55) |
Completed a university undergraduate degree | 1.32 (0.90–1.93) | 0.66 (0.45–0.97) * |
Completed a university graduate degree (ref) | 1.00 | 1.00 |