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Table 2 Odds ratios from GEE Models: Temporal trends of solitary leisure activity engagement by sex and place of residence, 2002–2018

From: Time trend analysis of leisure-time activity participation among young-old adults in China 2002–2018

 

Odds ratio (95% CI)

2005

2008

2011

2014

2018

N

3313

2905

1923

1150

3254

Watching TV

  n (%)

2957 (89.6)

2667 (91.3)

1759 (90.3)

1059 (93.9)

2953 (90.5)

  All

1.20 (1.03,1.38)

1.36 (1.15,1.62)

1.28 (1.04,1.57)

1.30 (1.01,1.68)

0.83 (0.68,1.02)

  Male, urban

0.93 (0.59,1.46)

1.25 (0.72,2.16)

1.41 (0.79,2.53)

1.34 (0.67,2.69)

0.54 (0.32,0.91)

  Male,

rural

1.29 (0.95,1.74)

1.32 (0.96,1.81)

1.44 (0.98,2.11)

1.12 (0.72,1.74)

1.08 (0.71,1.64)

  Female, urban

1.21 (0.87,1.69)

1.35 (0.90,2.03)

1.15 (0.72,1.83)

0.95 (0.54,1.69)

0.62 (0.41,0.94)

  Female, rural

1.24 (0.99,1.55)

1.45 (1.12,1.88)

1.19 (0.86,1.66)

1.70 (1.09,2.65)

1.03 (0.73,1.44)

Doing housework

  n (%)

2848 (86.6)

2490 (87.1)

1593 (83.2)

948 (82.1)

2720 (85.0)

  All

1.15 (1.00,1.32)

1.04 (0.90,1.21)

1.02 (0.85,1.21)

1.03 (0.83,1.27)

0.91 (0.75,1.09)

  Male, urban

1.29 (1.02,1.64)

1.32 (1.02,1.71)

1.28 (0.95,1.73)

1.45 (1.01,2.10)

1.09 (0.80,1.48)

  Male, rural

1.25 (1.01,1.55)

1.06 (0.85,1.33)

0.91 (0.70,1.19)

0.99 (0.72,1.35)

0.90 (0.67,1.21)

  Female, urban

0.75 (0.47,1.18)

0.79 (0.48,1.30)

1.04 (0.57,1.89)

0.79 (0.41,1.53)

0.56 (0.32,0.98)

  Female, rural

0.93 (0.58,1.50)

0.80 (0.49,1.30)

0.82 (0.47,1.45)

0.90 (0.44,1.82)

1.06 (0.58,1.94)

Keeping pets/domestic animals

  n (%)

1445 (44.2)

1154 (39.2)

747 (40.3)

494 (46.3)

1255 (40.5)

  All

1.11 (1.01,1.22)

1.01 (0.91,1.12)

1.19 (1.04,1.35)

1.53 (1.31,1.78)

1.72 (1.50,1.97)

  Male, urban

1.41 (1.12,1.77)

1.55 (1.19,2.02)

2.44 (1.82,3.27)

3.28 (2.31,4.66)

4.28 (3.14,5.82)

  Male, rural

1.08 (0.91,1.29)

0.93 (0.77,1.12)

0.92 (0.73,1.14)

1.19 (0.92,1.55)

1.06 (0.82,1.36)

  Female, urban

1.13 (0.90,1.42)

1.15 (0.88,1.50)

1.87 (1.38,2.53)

2.48 (1.71,3.59)

3.54 (2.58,4.85)

  Female, rural

1.02 (0.85,1.22)

0.82 (0.68,1.01)

0.69 (0.54,0.89)

0.95 (0.71,1.29)

0.81 (0.62,1.05)

Reading newspapers/books

n (%)

1214 (36.4)

978 (35.4)

679 (36.6)

406 (37.9)

1112 (32.4)

 All

0.95 (0.85,1.06)

0.55 (0.48,0.63)

0.51 (0.44,0.60)

0.43 (0.35,0.52)

0.22 (0.18,0.26)

 Male, urban

0.97 (0.78,1.22)

0.44 (0.34,0.57)

0.42 (0.32,0.56)

0.36 (0.25,0.51)

0.16 (0.12,0.21)

 Male, rural

0.77 (0.64,0.93)

0.55 (0.45,0.69)

0.58 (0.45,0.75)

0.48 (0.36,0.65)

0.32 (0.24,0.43)

 Female, urban

1.18 (0.94,1.49)

0.55 (0.41,0.73)

0.49 (0.35,0.69)

0.37 (0.24,0.58)

0.21 (0.14,0.30)

 Female, rural

1.20 (0.84,1.70)

0.98 (0.65,1.47)

0.63 (0.38,1.05)

0.88 (0.49,1.58)

0.24 (0.14,0.42)

Gardening

n (%)

926 (27.9)

685 (24.1)

608 (32.2)

377 (39.8)

959 (28.4)

 All

1.08 (0.97,1.19)

0.74 (0.66,0.84)

1.08 (0.94,1.23)

1.06 (0.90,1.25)

0.66 (0.57,0.77)

 Male, urban

1.05 (0.86,1.27)

0.58 (0.46,0.73)

0.77 (0.60,1.00)

0.67 (0.48,0.93)

0.50 (0.38,0.65)

 Male, rural

1.26 (1.00,1.58)

0.89 (0.69,1.14)

1.39 (1.05,1.84)

1.35 (0.98,1.85)

0.86 (0.62,1.19)

 Female, urban

0.95 (0.77,1.18)

0.62 (0.49,0.80)

0.72 (0.55,0.94)

0.82 (0.59,1.14)

0.55 (0.42,0.73)

 Female, rural

1.11 (0.87,1.42)

1.04 (0.79,1.37)

1.88 (1.38,2.55)

1.91 (1.32,2.78)

1.02 (0.73,1.43)

  1. Note. CI confidence interval
  2. The rows in italics show the number (and percentage) of persons in a given observation year who participated in that specific activity. The percentages are shown in parenthesis. Year 2002 is the reference year for comparison (that is, OR = 1.0). “All” refers to the full sample. In each cell, the adjusted odds ratio is reported and the corresponding 95% confidence interval is shown in parenthesis. The regressions for the full sample controlled for age, sex, education, place of residence, marital status, household income, number of living children, co-residence with adult children, any ADL limitation, any IADL limitation, and self-rated health. Individual-level weights from respective survey waves are used.