Table 1 Descriptive statistics across survey waves
From: Time trend analysis of leisure-time activity participation among young-old adults in China 2002–2018
Year | 2002 | 2005 | 2008 | 2011 | 2014 | 2018 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of observations | 3279 | 3313 | 2905 | 1923 | 1150 | 3254 |
Solitary leisure activities | ||||||
% Watching TV | 86.0 | 89.6 | 91.3 | 90.3 | 93.9 | 90.5 |
% Doing housework | 85.2 | 86.6 | 87.1 | 83.2 | 82.1 | 85.0 |
% Keeping pets/ domestic animals | 47.1 | 44.2 | 39.2 | 40.3 | 46.3 | 40.5 |
% Reading newspapers/books | 31.8 | 36.4 | 35.4 | 36.6 | 37.9 | 32.4 |
% Gardening | 23.3 | 27.9 | 24.1 | 32.2 | 39.8 | 28.4 |
Social leisure activities | ||||||
% Joining outdoor activities | 84.6 | 81.0 | 79.9 | 76.9 | 73.0 | 85.2 |
% Regularly exercise | 38.4 | 42.0 | 42.1 | 42.8 | 31.0 | 41.2 |
% Playing cards/mah-jong | 27.3 | 28.4 | 29.8 | 24.9 | 28.6 | 29.8 |
% Travel at least once in past 2 years | 13.4 | 13.8 | 12.4 | 14.4 | 13.5 | 23.8 |
% Attending social activities | 23.0 | 25.3 | 24.7 | 25.1 | 29.3 | 23.5 |
Covariates | ||||||
Mean age (sd) | 69.0 (2.8) | 69.1 (2.8) | 69.2 (2.8) | 69.3 (2.8) | 69.8 (2.6) | 68.8 (2.8) |
% Female | 50.5 | 50.0 | 50.0 | 47.4 | 48.2 | 50.7 |
% Rural residence | 64.1 | 56.6 | 56.5 | 53.5 | 56.9 | 50.1 |
% Married & living with spouse | 69.0 | 70.5 | 72.9 | 74.5 | 76.3 | 80.9 |
Mean years of education (sd) | 3.0 (3.8) | 3.6 (4.1) | 4.0 (4.1) | 4.3 (3.8) | 4.4 (3.6) | 5.3 (4.2) |
Mean income, logged (sd) | 8.3 (1.4) | 8.6 (1.6) | 9.2 (1.4) | 9.4 (1.5) | 9.7 (1.3) | 10.0 (1.5) |
Number of living children (sd) | 4.0 (1.8) | 3.7 (1.6) | 3.5 (1.5) | 3.2 (1.5) | 3.0 (1.4) | 1.4 (1.0) |
% Co-reside with children | 49.4 | 47.7 | 44.2 | 40.2 | 28.8 | 42.1 |
% Any ADL limitation | 4.7 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 3.6 |
% Any IADL limitation | 25.8 | 25.9 | 19.0 | 27.7 | 27.0 | 23.3 |
% Poor self-rated health | 13.6 | 14.2 | 15.1 | 15.2 | 10.6 | 11.9 |