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Table 3 Results of country-specific factor analyses and alignment optimization cross-country measurement invariance analysis, seven lifetime physical intimate partner violence items, N = 36 Demographic and Health Surveys across 36 countries (2012–2018)

From: Global measurement of intimate partner violence to monitor Sustainable Development Goal 5

 

Country-Specific EFAsa (N = 36)

Country-Specific CFAsa (N = 36)

Alignment Optimizationb

Country

Loadings

RMSEA

CFI

TLI

Loadings

RMSEA

CFI

TLI

Non-invariant parameters (intercepts, loadings)

Central Asia

 Kyrgyz Republic

0.84–0.95

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.90–0.96

0.02

1.00

1.00

2,0

 Tajikistan

0.65–0.95

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.74–1.00

0.06

0.99

0.99

0,0

Latin America and the Caribbean

 Haiti

0.70–0.97

0.00

1.00

1.00

0.67–0.94

0.02

1.00

1.00

3,0

North Africa, West Asia, Europe

 Armenia

0.95–0.98

0.00

1.00

1.00

0.95–1.00

0.00

1.00

1.00

3,1

 Egypt

0.83–0.97

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.87–0.96

0.03

1.00

1.00

2,0

South and Southeast Asia

 Afghanistan

0.89–0.96

0.03

0.99

0.98

0.86–0.97

0.03

0.99

0.98

1,0

 Cambodia

0.60–0.94

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.82–0.96

0.00

1.00

1.00

2,1

 India

0.78–0.94

0.02

1.00

0.99

0.81–0.93

0.03

0.99

0.99

1,0

 Maldives

0.94–0.98

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.73–0.99

0.00

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Myanmar

0.78–0.97

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.78–0.97

0.02

1.00

1.00

2,0

 Nepal

0.84–0.97

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.84–0.98

0.01

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Pakistan

0.86–0.97

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.85–0.98

0.05

0.99

0.99

0,1

 Philippines

0.89–0.97

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.82–0.95

0.01

1.00

1.00

4,1

 Timor-Leste

0.66–0.92

0.03

0.99

0.98

0.66–0.93

0.03

0.99

0.99

1,0

Sub-Saharan Africa

 Angola

0.81–0.93

0.03

1.00

0.99

0.78–0.94

0.02

1.00

0.99

1,0

 Benin

0.81–0.97

0.03

1.00

1.00

0.88–0.93

0.02

1.00

0.99

1,0

 Burundi

0.84–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.76–0.93

0.03

1.00

0.99

2,0

 Chad

0.85–0.95

0.04

0.99

0.99

0.82–0.94

0.01

1.00

1.00

0,0

 Comoros

0.74–0.99

0.02

1.00

0.99

0.82–1.00

0.01

1.00

1.00

1,0

 DRC

0.80–0.87

0.02

0.99

0.99

0.75–0.91

0.03

0.99

0.98

0,0

 Ethiopia

0.76–0.92

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.80–0.95

0.02

1.00

0.99

0,0

 Gabon

0.64–0.95

0.03

1.00

1.00

0.85–0.98

0.06

0.99

0.99

3,1

 Gambia

0.57–0.96

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.83–1.00

0.02

0.99

0.98

2,0

 Kenya

0.79–0.94

0.03

1.00

1.00

0.82–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Malawi

0.83–0.94

0.03

1.00

0.99

0.83–0.94

0.00

1.00

1.00

3,0

 Mali

0.58–0.91

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.74–0.86

0.00

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Mozambique

0.83–0.95

0.03

1.00

1.00

0.74–0.96

0.01

1.00

1.00

2,0

 Namibia

0.87–0.98

0.03

1.00

1.00

0.86–0.98

0.02

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Nigeria

0.78–0.96

0.01

1.00

1.00

0.74–0.96

0.02

1.00

1.00

2,1

 Rwanda

0.83–0.95

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.84–0.95

0.02

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Sierra Leone

0.74–0.95

0.03

0.99

0.99

0.74–0.95

0.04

0.99

0.98

1,0

 Tanzania

0.76–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.80–0.93

0.01

1.00

1.00

2,1

 Togo

0.82–0.95

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.85–0.95

0.03

1.00

0.99

1,0

 Uganda

0.74–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.75–0.94

0.02

1.00

1.00

3,0

 Zambia

0.86–0.91

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.79–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

1,0

 Zimbabwe

0.77–0.93

0.02

1.00

1.00

0.79–0.94

0.02

1.00

1.00

3,1

  1. DRC Democratic Republic of Congo
  2. aModel fit criteria exploratory, confirmatory factor analysis (EFA, CFA): root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) ≤0·08, comparative fit index (CFI) ≥0·95, Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) ≥0.95, loadings ≥0.35
  3. bAlignment optimization model fit criteria: < 25% of model estimates non-invariant. Each country has 14 parameter estimates (7 intercepts, 7 loadings)