Table 3 Linear mixed-effects growth-curve models for women

 Intercept

158.875

< 0.001

55.764

< 0.001

22.092

< 0.001

 Education = JHS or lower

−2.368

< 0.001

2.417

< 0.001

1.691

< 0.001

 Education = HS/college

−0.664

< 0.001

0.672

< 0.001

0.471

< 0.001

 Education = U or higher

Reference

 Cohort = before 1920

−1.182

< 0.001

−1.061

0.414

−0.251

0.628

 Cohort = 1920–1929

−4.743

< 0.001

2.234

0.222

2.201

0.003

 Cohort = 1930–1939

−3.947

< 0.001

0.158

0.631

1.195

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1940–1949

−2.709

< 0.001

0.381

< 0.001

0.927

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1950–1959

−1.340

< 0.001

− 0.318

< 0.001

0.229

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1960–1969

Reference

 Cohort = 1970–1979

0.757

< 0.001

2.533

< 0.001

0.797

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1980–1989

1.100

< 0.001

7.791

< 0.001

2.734

< 0.001

 Cohort = After 1990

7.892

< 0.001

24.465

0.001

7.895

0.006

 Intercept

−0.045

< 0.001

0.234

< 0.001

0.108

< 0.001

 Education = JHS or lower

0.002

0.203

0.003

0.472

0.008

< 0.001

 Education = HS/college

0.000

0.639

0.003

0.382

0.003

0.019

 Education = U or higher

Reference

 Cohort = before 1920

0.295

< 0.001

−0.086

0.307

−0.090

0.007

 Cohort = 1920–1929

0.165

< 0.001

−0.339

0.006

−0.187

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1930–1939

0.148

< 0.001

−0.217

< 0.001

− 0.135

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1940–1949

0.096

< 0.001

−0.238

< 0.001

− 0.131

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1950–1959

0.046

< 0.001

− 0.086

< 0.001

−0.048

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1960–1969

Reference

 Cohort = 1970–1979

−0.045

< 0.001

0.150

< 0.001

0.071

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1980–1989

−0.022

0.005

0.579

< 0.001

0.229

< 0.001

 Cohort = After 1990

0.557

0.001

1.835

0.006

0.611

0.020

 Intercept

−0.004

< 0.001

− 0.002

< 0.001

0.000

< 0.001

 Education = JHS or lower

0.000

0.524

−0.002

< 0.001

−0.001

< 0.001

 Education = HS/college

0.000

< 0.001

0.000

0.138

0.000

0.260

 Education = U or higher

Reference

 Cohort = before 1920

−0.006

< 0.001

−0.004

0.032

0.000

0.728

 Cohort = 1920–1929

−0.002

0.002

0.002

0.471

0.001

0.192

 Cohort = 1930–1939

−0.002

< 0.001

0.001

0.241

0.001

0.003

 Cohort = 1940–1949

−0.001

< 0.001

0.002

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1950–1959

−0.001

< 0.001

−0.002

< 0.001

− 0.001

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1960–1969

Reference

 Cohort = 1970–1979

0.000

0.005

0.003

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

 Cohort = 1980–1989

0.002

< 0.001

0.015

< 0.001

0.005

< 0.001

 Cohort = After 1990

0.014

< 0.001

0.041

0.007

0.013

0.026

 Intercept (u_0i)

27.765

82.198

11.549

 Linear slope (u_1i)

0.002

0.083

0.013

 Quadratic slope (u_2i)

0.000

0.000

0.000

 Residual (e_ti)

0.218

3.711

0.601