Table 1 Characteristics of studies that evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the Brasilian population

Gouveia et al. 2021 [26]

59.8 ± 19.7

910(341/569)

Fonte Boa, Apuí, and Manaus – Amazonas state

Adults and Older Adults – Urban

cross-sectional study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

47.5 (39.6 men, 52.2 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 56.1; High blood pressures: 53.8; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 30.9; Low HDL cholesterol: 39.8; High triglyceride: 37.2

Oliveira et al. 2020 [27]

45.6

8199

Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde

de 2013

Urban

analytical cross-sectional study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

38.4 (34.6 men, 41.8 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 65.5; High blood pressures: 32.3; Elevated fasting blood glucose: N/A; Low HDL cholesterol: 49.4; High triglyceride: N/A

Santos et al. 2020 [28]

25—65 years

818 (349/469)

Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state

Urban

cross-sectional

population-based study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

30.9 (36.1 men; 27.2 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 50.1; High blood pressures: 66.5; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 16.8; Low HDL cholesterol: 37.4; High triglyceride: 20.2

do Vale Moreira et al. 2020 [6]

 ≥ 20 years

714 (242/472)

Pindoretama, Ceará state

Urban

cross-sectional

population-based study

Modified NCEP, IDF and JIS

JIS = 36.1

IDF = 35.1

NCEP = 29.5

N/A

Moreira et al. 2020 [30]

50.1 ± 5.5

419 (women)

Parnamirim—Rio Grande do Norte state

middle-aged women – Urban

cross-sectional study

NCEP ATP III

65.6

Elevated waist circumference: 73.5; High blood pressures: 60.9; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 16.9; Low HDL cholesterol: 63.0; High triglyceride: 40.8

Carvalho et al. 2019 [29]

23.9 years

2017(946/1071)

Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo state

Urban

cross-sectional study

JIS

12.2 (18.9 men; 6.3 women)

N/A

Luisi et al. 2019 [49]

 ≥ 18 years

193(74/119)

Tocantins state

Quilombola communities

observational

cross-sectional study

N/A

32.12 (17,6 men; 41,2 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 58.0; High blood pressures: 41.5; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 35.2; Low HDL cholesterol: 52.3; High triglyceride: 15.5

Mulatinho et al. 2019 [31]

24—59 years

375(118/257)

Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Pernambuco state

Urban

Cross-sectional study

IDF

11.97 (3.72 men, 8.24 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 70.4; High blood pressures: 0; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 19.15; Low HDL cholesterol: 21.01; High triglyceride: 19.68

Mussi et al. 2019 [48]

45 years

842(325/517)

Guanambi, Bahia state

Quilombola communities

cross-sectional

population-based study

JIS

25.8 (20.9 men, 28.8 women)

N/A

Ramires et al. 2018 [32]

 ≥ 18 years

59,402 (25.920/ 33.482)

Brazilian Adult Population: National Health Survey – 2013

Urban

household-based cross-sectional

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

8,9 (7.5 men, 10.3 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 65.2; High blood pressures: 40.7; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 7.1; Low HDL cholesterol: N/A; High triglyceride: N/A

França et al. 2016 [33]

42.2 ± 16.3

787 (188/599)

Marajó Archipelago, Para state

Urban

cross-sectional

population-based

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

34.1 (29.8 men, 35.4 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 55.3; High blood pressures: 47.6; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 24.3; Low HDL cholesterol: 56.2; High triglyceride: 19.9

Bortoletto et al. 2016 [34]

54.5 ± 10.3

959 (426/533)

Cambé, Paraná state

 ≥ 40 years adults—Urban

cross-sectional population-based

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

53.7 (48.4 men, 58 women)

N/A

Soares et al. 2015 [45]

42.7 ± 19.1

932 (457/475)

Indian reservations, Mato

Grosso state

Xavante indigenous

cross‑sectional study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

66.1 (55.6 men, 76.2 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 92.6; High blood pressures: 41.4; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 76.4; Low HDL cholesterol: 86.6; High triglyceride: 71.15

Martini et al. 2014 [35]

 ≥ 20 years

1112(468/644)

Ourinhos, São Paulo state

Urban

observational

cross-sectional study

NCEP ATP III

24.1 (27.8 men, 20.3 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 36.7; High blood pressures: 46.2; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 13.9; Low HDL cholesterol: 45.4; High triglyceride: 23.1

Moreira et al. 2014 [36]

55.0 ± 14.7

1369(667/702)

Population in Brazil

Urban

cross-sectional, population based study

NCEP ATP III

22.7 ( 23.3 men, 22.7 women)

N/A

Pimenta et al. 2013 [40]

 ≥ 18 years

491 (246/245)

Virgem das Graças and Caju, in the rural areas of the municipalities of Ponto dos Volantes and Jequitinhonha, respectively, Minas Gerais state

Rural

cross-sectional population-based

NCEP ATP III

14.9 (6.5 men, 23.3 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 11.6; High blood pressures: 59.7; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 10.6; Low HDL cholesterol: 44.1; High triglyceride: 15.2

da Rocha et al. 2013 [41]

55.5 ± 13.23

73 (23/50)

Village Pinhalzinho located at Planalto/Nonoai City, Rio Grande do Sul state

Kaingang indigenous

cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study

NCEP ATP III

23.3 (47.1 men, 52.9 women)

N/A

Dutra et al. 2012 [37]

 ≥ 18 years

2130 (586/1544)

Brasilia, Federal District

Urban

cross-sectional, population based study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

32 (30.9 men, 33 women)

N/A

Santos et al. 2012 [46]

38 ± 14.8

162 (98/64)

Medial region of the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso state

Khisêdjê indigenous

cross-sectional study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

27.8 (19.4 men, 40.6 women)

Elevated waist circumference:37.4; High blood pressures: 6.8; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 12.2; Low HDL cholesterol: 66.2; High triglyceride: 43.5

Gomes et al. 2012 [38]

57 ± 16

131 (54/77)

Community of Mombuca/Guatapara, São Paulo state

Japanese- Brazilian—Urban

cross-sectional study

IDF

35.8 (36.2 men, 63.8 women)

Elevated waist circumference: N/A; High blood pressures: 46.6; Elevated fasting blood glucose: N/A; Low HDL cholesterol: 44.3; High triglyceride: 26.7

Gronner et al. 2011 [7]

30 – 79 years

1116 (396/720)

São Carlos, São Paulo state

Urban

cross-sectional population-based study

NCEP-ATP III and IDF

ATP III 40.5 (36.1 men; 42.9 women)

IDF 48.1 (49.2 men; 47.5 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 56.2 (NCEP criteria) and 72.6 (IDF criteria); High blood pressures: 59.2; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 13.3; Low HDL cholesterol: 76.3; High triglyceride: 16.8

da Rocha et al. 2011 [42]

 ≥ 40 years

150(67/83)

Porto Alegre e Planalto/Nonoai, Rio Grande do Sul state

Kaingang e Guarani indigenous

cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical

NCEP-ATPIII

65.3 (40.3 men / 85 women)

Elevated waist circumference: 87.6; High blood pressures: 82.5; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 86; Low HDL cholesterol: 72,3; High triglyceride: 85.5

Oliveira et al. 2011 [47]

36 ± 1

606 (268/338)

Jaguapiru village, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state

Indigenous population

cross-sectional study

IDF/NHLBI/AHA/WHF/IAS/IASO

35.7 (26.1 men / 43.4 women)

Elevated waist Circumference: 60.9; High blood pressures: 40.3; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 11.4; Low HDL cholesterol: N/A; High triglyceride: N/A

Anjos et al. 2011 [43]

32 years

82(33/49)

Cândido de Abreu, state Paraná

Kaingang Indigenous

cross-sectional study

NCEP-ATPIII

11(0 men, 18.4 women)

Elevated waist Circumference: 37.8; High blood pressures: 26.8; Elevated fasting blood glucose: 9.4; Low HDL cholesterol: 13.4; High triglyceride: 11

Silva et al. 2011 A [39]

20 – 64 years

287 (73/214)

Metropolitan region of Sao Paulo, São Paulo state

Urban

descriptive and analytical study

cross-section

IDF

36.6

N/A

Silva et al. 2011 B [44]

N/A

246 (91/155)

Inhaumas, district of Santa Maria da Vitória, Bahia state

Rural

cross-sectional study

NCEP-ATPIII

15.4 (11.9 men, 17.5 women)

N/A