Table 1 Clinical, sociodemographic, and sexual behaviour characteristics of 1,500 study participants enrolled between December 2017 and March 2020
Characteristics | Male N (%) | Female N (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age | |||
30–39 years | 179 (29.2) | 192 (21.7) | 0.001 |
25–29 years | 194 (31.7) | 260 (29.3) | |
18–24 years | 240 (39.2) | 435 (49.0) | |
Marital statusa | |||
Married | 256 (41.8) | 503 (56.7) | < 0.001 |
Single | 334 (54.5) | 319 (36.0) | |
Separated, Divorced, Widowed | 22 (3.6) | 65 (7.3) | |
Level of educationa | |||
Higher education | 197 (32.1) | 187 (21.1) | < 0.001 |
Secondary | 223 (36.4) | 303 (34.2) | |
Primary and below | 192 (31.3) | 397 (44.8) | |
Religiona | |||
Christian | 466 (76.0) | 697 (78.6) | 0.123 |
Muslim | 132 (21.5) | 181 (20.4) | |
None | 14 (2.9) | 9 (1.0) | |
Source of incomea | |||
Employed | 391 (63.8) | 431 (48.6) | < 0.001 |
Unemployed | 105 (17.1) | 354 (39.9) | |
Casual labourers | 116 (18.9) | 102 (11.5) | |
Having childrena | |||
Yes | 261 (42.6) | 585 (66.0) | < 0.001 |
No | 351 (57.3) | 302 (34.1) | |
Time since last sexual activitya | |||
≤ 6 weeks ago | 414 (67.5) | 679 (76.6) | 0.001 |
More than 6 weeks ago | 191 (31.2) | 203 (22.9) | |
Never had sex | 7 (1.1) | 5 (0.6) | |
Experience of intimate partner violence (IPV)b | |||
Never | 506 (82.5) | 673 (75.9) | 0.007 |
Any IPV in the past 1 month | 25 (4.1) | 41 (4.6) | |
Any IPV > 1 month ago | 81 (13.2) | 173 (19.5) | |
Temperature | |||
< 37.5 | 499 (81.4) | 764 (86.1) | 0.014 |
≥ 37.5 | 114 (18.6) | 123 (13.9) | |
Reported fever | 324 (52.9) | 396 (44.6) | 0.002 |
Reported fatigue | 473 (77.2) | 695 (78.4) | 0.584 |
Reported body aches | 410 (66.9) | 603 (68.0) | 0.655 |
Reported diarrhoea | 104 (17.0) | 138 (15.6) | 0.466 |
Reported sore throat | 193 (31.5) | 255 (28.8) | 0.255 |
Reported genital ulcers | 42 (6.9) | 71 (8.0) | 0.406 |
Days since symptoms began | |||
≤ 14 days | 569 (92.8) | 849 (95.7) | 0.015 |
Time since last HIV test | |||
≤ 1 year ago | 260 (42.4) | 473 (53.3) | < 0.001 |
More than 1 year ago | 250 (40.8) | 364 (41.0) | |
Never tested | 103 (16.8) | 50 (5.6) | |
Sexual behaviour among 414 male and 679 female participants sexually active in the past 6 weeksc | |||
Risk group | |||
Sexually active general population | 396 (95.7) | 655 (96.5) | 0.497 |
Sexually active key populations’d | 18 (4.4) | 24 (3.5) | |
Self-reported number of sexual partners in the past 6 weeks | |||
1 partner | 321 (77.5) | 625 (92.1) | < 0.001 |
> 1 partner | 93 (22.5) | 54 (8.0) | |
Nature of relationship with the most recent sexual partner in the past 6 weeks | |||
Spouse | 219 (52.9) | 473 (69.7) | < 0.001 |
Regular partnere | 93 (22.5) | 125 (18.4) | |
Casual partner | 65 (15.7) | 71 (10.5) | |
One-time encounter | 37 (8.9) | 10 (1.5) | |
Condom use with the last sexual partnerf | |||
No | 332 (80.2) | 615 (90.6) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 82 (19.8) | 64 (9.4) | |
Age of last sexual partner in the past 6 weeks | |||
About the same age | 226 (54.6) | 309 (45.5) | < 0.001 |
More than 5 years older | 21 (5.1) | 361 (53.2) | |
More than 5 years younger | 167 (40.3) | 9 (1.3) | |
HIV status of last sexual partner in the past 6 weeks | |||
Partner status negative or unknown | 400 (96.6) | 667 (98.2) | 0.089 |
Partner status positive | 14 (3.4) | 12 (1.8) | |
Concurrency amongst the last three reported sexual partners | |||
No | 352 (85.0) | 642 (94.6) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 62 (15.0) | 37 (5.5) | |