Job criteria | Job demands | Job resources |
---|---|---|
Work content | Stressful work tasks: • Self-responsibility, working alone • Repetitive work tasks • Feelings of disgust | Fulfilling work tasks: • Meaningful tasks • Customer contact • Being proud of accomplished work • Task variance |
Work organisation | High workload and time pressure: • Overload due to staff shortage • Need for recovery from stressful working days | Moderate workload: • Adjusted workload to individual capacities • Adequately assigned work packages • Alternating tension and relaxation phases |
Unfair distribution of work and challenges in collaboration: • Unequal allocation of workload • Unestablished working processes, unclear responsibilities • Perceived lack of motivation, inadequate quality of work of certain colleagues | Established work processes: • Clear allocation of tasks and responsibilities • Participation | |
Communication: • Regular, scheduled team meetings • Solving problems within the team • Collegial agreements • Informal conversations | ||
Working hours: • Early working times | Flexibility and autonomy in organizing break times | |
Insufficient reward: • Minimum wage too low for job performance | Reliable payment | |
Social relations | Interfering or gossiping colleagues: • Complaints • Orders given by colleagues • Unrequested interference into team issues | Team cohesion: • Social support from colleagues • Integrity and trust • Private meetings in leisure time |
Pressure from supervisors: • Verbal communication • Stress of supervisor can be spilled over to employees | Relationship with the supervisor: • Supervisor support • Mediator for work or team conflicts • Appreciative, respectful interaction, verbal rewards, feedback | |
Working atmosphere: • Harmonious collaboration • Having fun at work (together) • Motivating teamwork • Respect • Appreciative, non-discriminatory interaction • Mutual acceptance of weaknesses • Patience in dealing with mistakes | ||
Work environment | Physical effort: • Walking around a lot • Carrying heavy weights | Occupational safety: • Appropriate equipment and guidelines |
Noise • High noise level in the kitchen | Snacks and drinks for team meetings |