Table 1 Sample characteristics at baseline (N = 6795)
| Â | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
(N = 3459) | (N = 3336) | |
Baseline cognition (mean, SD) | 14.78 (5.49) | 12.07 (6.00) |
Cognitive reserve (mean, SD) | 0.53 (1.62) | −0.55 (1.62) |
Mean age (years, SD) | 67.67 (6.29) | 67.78 (6.61) |
Urban-rural residence (%) | ||
 Urban | 1330 (38.5) | 1371 (41.1) |
 Rural | 2129 (61.5) | 1965 (58.9) |
Marital Status (%) | ||
 Married | 3020 (87.3) | 2382 (71.4) |
 Unmarried | 439 (12.7) | 953 (28.6) |
 Missing | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) |
Alcohol drinking (%) | ||
 Never | 2076 (60.0) | 3090 (92.6) |
 < 1/month | 44 (1.3) | 14 (0.4) |
 1–3/month | 95 (2.7) | 29 (0.9) |
 1–6/week | 212 (6.1) | 36 (1.1) |
 ≥1/day | 690 (19.9) | 60 (1.8) |
 Missing | 342 (9.9) | 107 (3.2) |
Smoking status (%) | ||
 Never | 935 (27.0) | 2949 (88.4) |
 Former | 686 (19.8) | 102 (3.1) |
 Current | 1728 (50.0) | 259 (7.8) |
 Missing | 110 (3.2) | 26 (0.8) |
BMI (%) | ||
 Underweight | 290 (8.4) | 275 (8.2) |
 Normal | 1719 (49.7) | 1327 (39.8) |
 Overweight | 631 (18.2) | 814 (24.4) |
 Obese | 192 (5.6) | 342 (10.3) |
 Missing | 627 (18.1) | 578 (17.3) |
Hypertension (%) | ||
 No | 2348 (67.9) | 2053 (61.5) |
 Yes | 1088 (31.5) | 1252 (37.5) |
 Missing | 23 (0.7) | 31 (0.9) |
Diabetes (%) | ||
 No | 3195 (92.4) | 2993 (89.7) |
 Yes | 235 (6.8) | 300 (9.0) |
 Missing | 29 (0.8) | 43 (1.3) |
Heart disease (%) | ||
 No | 2895 (83.7) | 2672 (80.1) |
 Yes | 531 (15.4) | 626 (18.8) |
 Missing | 33 (1.0) | 38 (1.1) |
Stroke (%) | ||
 No | 3290 (95.1) | 3193 (95.7) |
 Yes | 147 (4.2) | 117 (3.5) |
 Missing | 22 (0.6) | 26 (0.8) |
Dyslipidemia (%) | ||
 No | 3055 (88.3) | 2864 (85.9) |
 Yes | 335 (9.7) | 396 (11.9) |
 Missing | 69 (2.0) | 76 (2.3) |
Hearing loss (%) | ||
 No | 2972 (85.9) | 2917 (87.4) |
 Yes | 474 (13.7) | 400 (12.0) |
 Missing | 13 (0.4) | 19 (0.6) |
Probable depressiona (%) | ||
 No | 2410 (69.7) | 1863 (55.8) |
 Yes | 820 (23.7) | 1235 (37.0) |
 Missing | 229 (6.6) | 238 (7.1) |
ADLs (%) | ||
 0 | 2766 (80.0) | 2434 (73.0) |
 1 | 355 (10.3) | 409 (12.3) |
 2 | 132 (3.8) | 204 (6.1) |
 3 | 81 (2.3) | 124 (3.7) |
 4 | 58 (1.7) | 74 (2.2) |
 5 | 36 (1.0) | 53 (1.6) |
 6 | 20 (0.6) | 24 (0.7) |
 Missing | 11 (0.3) | 14 (0.4) |