Who loses more? Identifying the relationship between hospitalization and income loss: prediction of hospitalization duration and differences of gender and employment status

Sohn, Minsung; Moon, Daseul; O’Campo, Patricia; Muntaner, Carles; Chung, Haejoo

doi:10.1186/s12889-022-12647-6

Table 1 Sample Characteristics (N=4,876)

From: Who loses more? Identifying the relationship between hospitalization and income loss: prediction of hospitalization duration and differences of gender and employment status

	2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016
	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
Age
18 ≤ age < 45	1,378	28.26
45 ≤ age < 65	2,085	42.76
age ≥ 65	1,413	28.98
Education
Under elementary school	1,015	20.82	1,010	20.71	1,010	20.71	1,011	20.73	1,012	20.75	1,010	20.71
Middle school	600	12.31	604	12.39	600	12.31	599	12.28	598	12.26	599	12.28
High school	1,589	32.59	1,582	32.44	1,582	32.44	1,574	32.28	1,570	32.20	1,568	32.16
College or higher	1,672	34.29	1,680	34.45	1,684	34.54	1,692	34.70	1,696	34.78	1,699	34.84
Poverty
Yes	926	18.99	1,022	20.96	1,079	22.13	1,053	21.60	1,051	21.55	1,089	22.33
No	3,950	81.01	3,854	79.04	3,797	77.87	3,823	78.40	3,825	78.45	3,787	77.67
Marital status
Married couple	3,480	71.37	3,481	71.39	3,503	71.84	3,512	72.03	3,515	72.09	3,509	71.96
Widowed	393	8.06	413	8.47	422	8.65	439	9.00	460	9.43	487	9.99
Divorced or Separated	282	5.78	290	5.95	299	6.13	311	6.38	323	6.62	325	6.67
Single	721	14.79	692	14.19	652	13.37	614	12.59	578	11.85	555	11.38
Public health insurance
NHI	4,772	97.87	4,778	97.99	4,761	97.64	4,788	98.20	4,776	97.95	4,782	98.07
Medical aid	104	2.13	98	2.01	115	2.36	88	1.80	100	2.05	94	1.93
Private health insurance
Yes	3,177	65.16	3,228	66.20	3,224	66.12	3,345	68.60	3,360	68.91	3,410	69.93
No	1,699	34.84	1,648	33.80	1,652	33.88	1,531	31.40	1,516	31.09	1,466	30.07
Chronic disease
Yes	2,036	41.76	2,173	44.57	2,363	48.46	2,236	45.86	2,395	49.12	2,588	53.08
No	2,840	58.24	2,703	55.43	2,513	51.54	2,640	54.14	2,481	50.88	2,288	46.92
Disability
Yes	336	6.89	345	7.08	353	7.24	357	7.32	364	7.47	364	7.47
No	4,540	93.11	4,531	92.92	4,523	92.76	4,519	92.68	4,512	92.53	4,512	92.53
Health status
Very good	821	16.84	658	13.49	655	13.43	615	12.61	581	11.92	493	10.11
Good	2,612	53.57	2,714	55.66	2,529	51.87	2,703	55.43	2,665	54.66	2,626	53.86
Nomal	870	17.84	877	17.99	997	20.45	948	19.44	1,010	20.71	1,070	21.94
Bad	558	11.44	583	11.96	661	13.56	585	12.00	577	11.83	639	13.11
Very bad	15	0.31	44	0.90	34	0.70	25	0.51	43	0.88	48	0.98
^bIncome (10,000 won)	2,280.40	2,194.07	2,260.50	2,214.42	2,313.36	2,600.96	2,300.19	2,402.01	2,386.94	2,571.99	2,473.38	2,750.91
Employment arrangement
Standard	1,777	36.44	1,724	35.36	1,718	35.23	1,708	35.03	1,680	34.45	1,683	34.52
Non-standard	1,692	34.70	1,376	28.22	1,241	25.45	1,157	23.73	1,159	23.77	1,119	22.95
Self-employed	1,407	28.86	1,317	27.01	1,215	24.92	1,162	23.83	1,121	22.99	1,085	22.25
Unpaid family worker, unemployed, or economic inactivity	-	-	459	9.41	702	14.40	849	17.41	916	18.79	989	20.28
Hospitalization (≥3days)
Yes	375	7.69	436	8.94	415	8.51	435	8.92	459	9.41	470	9.64
No	4,501	92.31	4,440	91.06	4,461	91.49	4,441	91.08	4,417	90.59	4,406	90.36
Hospitalization (≥7days)
Yes	294	6.03	352	7.22	331	6.79	332	6.81	339	6.95	359	7.36
No	4,582	93.97	4,524	92.78	4,545	93.21	4,544	93.19	4,537	93.05	4,517	92.64
Hospitalization (≥14days)
Yes	157	3.22	211	4.33	205	4.20	204	4.18	215	4.41	234	4.80
No	4,719	96.78	4,665	95.67	4,671	95.80	4,672	95.82	4,661	95.59	4,642	95.20

^amean±standard deviation and range were 55.02±15.16, from 22 to 96
^bpresented mean and standard deviation
Note: presented the average of income for 3 years from 2009 to 2011 in baseline (2011).

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