Table 4 Clinical effectiveness of ERS on mental health symptoms
Study details | Outcome measure | Outcome assessment timings | Short-term results ERS vs. C | Long-term results ERS vs. C |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Chalder 2012 [29] Trial | BDI-II | 4, 8, 12 months | 4 months adjusted between group difference in mean BDI-II score = -0.54 (95%CI -3.06 to 1.99) P=0.68 | Combined 4, 8 and 12 months adjusted between group difference in mean BDI-II score = -1.20 (95%CI -3.42 to 1.02) P=0.29 |
Murphy 2012 [30] Trial | HADS | 12 months | Did not assess | HADS depression 12 months adjusted between group difference in HADS depression score = -1.39 (95%CI -2.60 to -0.18) P<0.05 HADS anxiety 12 months adjusted between group difference in HADS anxiety score = -1.56 (95%CI -2.75 to -0.38) P<0.05 |
Forsyth 2015 [32] Trial | DASS-21 | 3 months | DASS-21 depression subscale   ERS difference from baseline = -2.1   C difference from baseline = -4.0   Between group difference P=0.1 DASS-21 anxiety subscale   ERS difference from baseline = -1.4   C difference from baseline = -3.0   Between group difference P=0.08 DASS-21 stress subscale   ERS difference from baseline = -1.5   C difference from baseline = -1.8   Between group difference P=0.06 Total DASS-21 scores   ERS difference from baseline = -5.1   C difference from baseline = -6.1   Between group difference P=0.04 | Did not assess |