From: Psychosocial impacts of home-schooling on parents and caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic
 | No school-aged children (n=606) | Home-schooling children (n=180) | Not home-schooling children (n=85) |  |  | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | F | p |
Psychological distress (DQ5) | 10.01 | 4.88 | 11.54 | 5.33 | 9.82 | 5.29 | 6.90 | 0.001 |
Work/social impairment (WSAS) | 12.89 | 9.13 | 16.25 | 9.83 | 12.12 | 8.01 | 10.40 | <0.001 |
Wellbeing (WHO-5) | 52.04 | 25.08 | 50.36 | 23.98 | 51.53 | 26.74 | 0.32 | 0.730 |
Age | 50.79 | 17.46 | 42.51 | 10.31 | 56.88 | 13.46 | 28.64 | <0.001 |
 | n | % | n | % | n | % | χ2 | p |
Mental health diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 1.61 | 0.808 |
  Past | 112 | 18.5% | 29 | 16.1% | 12 | 14.1% |  |  |
  Current | 143 | 23.6% | 44 | 24.4% | 19 | 22.4% |  |  |
  Never | 351 | 57.9% | 107 | 59.4% | 54 | 63.5% |  |  |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 5.27 | 0.261 |
  Male | 310 | 51.2% | 87 | 48.3% | 48 | 56.5% |  |  |
  Female | 296 | 48.8% | 92 | 51.1% | 37 | 43.5% |  |  |
  Prefer not to answer | 0 | 0.0% | 1 | 0.6% | 0 | 0.0% |  |  |
Educational attainment | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 22.74 | 0.004 |
  Secondary School | 173 | 28.5% | 35 | 19.4% | 24 | 28.2% |  |  |
  Certificate or diploma | 219 | 36.1% | 54 | 30.0% | 37 | 43.5% |  |  |
  Bachelor’s degree | 180 | 29.7% | 82 | 45.6% | 23 | 27.1% |  |  |
  Higher degree | 30 | 5.0% | 7 | 3.9% | 1 | 1.2% |  |  |
  Prefer not to answer | 4 | 0.7% | 2 | 1.1% | 0 | 0.0% |  |  |