| IHDS round-I | |
---|---|---|
Combustible tobacco(d) | Smokeless tobacco(e) | |
OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
Fixed effect characteristics | ||
 Household members watch TV | ||
  No | Ref. | Ref. |
  Yes | 1.03 (0.92, 1.15) | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) |
 Household members listen to radio | ||
  No | Ref. | Ref. |
  Yes | 0.99 (0.90, 1.10) | 0.92 (0.83, 1.02) |
 Household members read newspaper | ||
  No | Ref. | Ref. |
  Yes | 1.02 (0.91, 1.15) | 1.05 (0.93, 1.19) |
 Age group of individual | ||
  Children and youth | Ref. | Ref. |
  Adults | 2.51* (2.10, 3.00) | 0.40* (0.32, 0.48) |
  Elderly | 2.24* (1.76, 2.85) | 0.48* (0.37, 0.63) |
 Gender of individual | ||
  Male | Ref. | Ref. |
  Female | 0.059* (0.049, 0.070) | 5.15* (4.25, 6.24) |
 Percentage of individuals in community with no formal education | ||
  0 to 25% | Ref. | Ref. |
  25 to 50% | 1.01 (0.83, 1.23) | 1.16 (0.93, 1.45) |
  50 to 75% | 0.92 (0.75, 1.14) | 1.32* (1.04, 1.67) |
  75 to 100% | 0.95 (0.72, 1.27) | 0.82 (0.60, 1.12) |
 Percentage of individuals in community from poorest/poor wealth quintile | ||
  0 to 25% | Ref. | Ref. |
  25 to 50% | 0.90 (0.75, 1.08) | 1.26* (1.03, 1.55) |
  50 to 75% | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) | 1.12 (0.88, 1.42) |
  75 to 100% | 0.91 (0.72, 1.15) | 1.36* (1.05, 1.76) |
 Percentage of individuals in community belonging to SC/ST caste | ||
  0 to 25% | Ref. | Ref. |
  25 to 50% | 0.99 (0.78, 1.25) | 0.91 (0.70, 1.17) |
  50 to 75% | 0.81 (0.63, 1.04) | 1.16 (0.88, 1.53) |
  75 to 100% | 0.88 (0.68, 1.15) | 1.17 (0.88, 1.57) |
 Place of residence | ||
  Rural | Ref. | Ref. |
  Urban | 0.89 (0.73, 1.07) | 1.06 (0.85, 1.31) |
 Country regions | ||
  Central | Ref. | Ref. |
  Northern | 5.39* (1.92, 15.1) | 0.11* (0.03, 0.39) |
  Southern | 1.47 (0.48, 4.49) | 0.13* (0.03, 0.48) |
  Western | 0.27* (0.08, 0.92) | 1.06 (0.25, 4.44) |
  Eastern | 0.79 (0.25, 2.47) | 3.39 (0.86, 13.4) |
  North-eastern | 2.80 (0.47, 16.8) | 1.94 (0.23, 16.7) |
Random effect parameters | ||
 Level 3: State | ||
  Variance | 0.634 | 0.925 |
  Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (in %) | 12.20 | 15.59 |
 Level 2: Community | ||
  Variance | 1.276 | 1.717 |
  Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (in %) | 36.74 | 44.54 |
 Likelihood ratio test | *** | *** |
 No of states | 21 | 21 |
 No of communities | 2175 | 2175 |
 No of persons | 16,661 | 16,661 |