Table 3 Factors associated with ability to read and practice of reading SMS, and their associated socio-demographic factors

Total

189

85 (45.0)

85

19 (22.4)

28 (32.9)

4 (4.7)

27 (31.8)

7 (8.2)

Gender

 Woman

77

23 (29.9)

1.0 (ref)

23

4 (17.4)

5 (21.7)

0

9 (39.1)

5 (21.7)

 Man

112

62 (55.4)

3.84 (1.5, 9.78)

15 (24.2)

23 (37.1)

4 (6.5)

18 (29.0)

2 (3.2)

 P

0.001

 < 0.001

Age group, years

 30–39

38

31 (81.6)

17.3 (3.99, 75.3)

31

11 (35.5)

13 (41.9)

0

5 (16.1)

2 (6.5)

 40–59

97

36 (37.1)

2.06 (0.77, 5.53)

36

4 (11.1)

10 (27.8)

2 (5.6)

17 (47.2)

3 (8.3)

 60–75

54

18 (33.3)

1.0 (ref)

18

4 (22.2)

5 (27.8)

2 (11.1)

5 (27.8)

2 (11.1)

 P

 < 0.001

 < 0.001

Level of education

 No education

39

0

–

 Primary to below SSC

95

38 (40.0)

1.0 (ref)

39

4 (10.3)

12 (30.8)

2 (5.1)

16 (41.0)

5 (12.8)

 SSC or above

54

46 (85.2)

5.52 (2.11, 14.4)

46

15 (32.6)

16 (34.8)

2 (4.3)

11 (23.9)

2 (4.3)

 P

 < 0.001

0.004

 SES

 Poor

43

9 (20.9)

1.0

9

2 (22.2)

3 (33.3)

0

2 (22.2)

2 (22.2)

 Middle class or above

145

74 (51)

3.74 (1.34, 10.4)

75

16 (21.3)

25 (33.3)

4 (5.3)

25 (33.3)

5 (6.7)

 P

 < 0.001

0.54

Occupation

 Farmer

48

16 (35.6)

1.0 (ref)

17

2 (11.8)

5 (29.4)

2 (11.8)

7 (41.2)

1 (5.9)

 Housewife

76

23 (30.3)

0.72 (0.33, 1.55)

23

4 (17.4)

5 (21.7)

0

9 (39.1)

5 (21.7)

 Professional

34

25 (73.5)

4.58 (1.73, 12.1)

25

7 (28.0)

9 (36.8)

2 (8.0)

7 (28.0)

0

 Businessperson

21

13 (61.9)

2.68 (0.92, 7.78)

13

3 (23.1)

6 (46.2)

0

3 (23.1)

1 (7.7)

 P

 < 0.001

0.26