Table 4 Multivariate linear associations between studied variables and mental-health indicators

Age

0.50 (0.3; 0.7)**

Not included

0.23 (0.1; 0.4)**

0.14 (0.0; 0.3)*

Not included

−1.2 (− 1.6; − 0.8)**

−1.56 (− 2.4; − 0.7)**

Sex (Ref. Boys)

1.09 (0.6; 1.6)**

0.95 (0.6; 1.3)**

0.58 (0.2; 1.0)**

1.23 (0.9; 1.6)**

Not included

−4.01 (−5.2; −2.8)**

−1.60 (− 4.04; 0.8)

Location (Ref. Rural)

1.41 (0.8; 2.0)**

1.18 (0.7; 1.7)**

Not included

Not included

Not included

−1.74 (− 3.4; − 0.1)*

− 3.98 (−7.1; − 0.9)*

Overweight (Ref. Normal)

Not included

Not included

Not included

0.22 (−0.3; 0.7)

Not included

Not included

−3.05 (−6.3; 0.2)

Family Affluence Scale (tertiles)

Not included

0.07 (−0.2; 0.3)

Not included

Not included

Not included

0.78 (−0.0; 1.6)

Not included

Family structure (Ref. Other)

−0.68 (−1.6; 0.3)

−0.34 (− 1.1; 0.4)

Not included

−0.25 (− 1.0; 0.5)

Not included

−0.39 (−2.8; 2.0)

Not included

−1.08 (−2.0; − 0.2)*

−0.1 (− 0.7; 0.7)

Not included

−0.22 (− 0.9; 0.4)

Not included

0.49 (− 1.8; 2.8)

Not included

Family Apgar score

−0.11 (− 0.2; − 0.1)**

−0.20 (− 0.2; − 0.2)**

−0.13 (− 0.2; − 0.1)**

−0.12 (− 0.2; − 0.1)**

0.09 (0.1; 0.1)**

1.13 (0.1; 1.3)**

1.67 (1.4; 1.9)**

Physical Fitness (z-score)

−0.80 (− 1.2; − 0.4)**

−0.27 (− 0.6; 0.0)

Not included

−0.45 (− 0.7; − 0.2)**

Not included

1.75 (0.8; 2.7)**

0.74 (− 1.1; 2.6)

Physical activity score

0.07 (− 0.2; 0.4)

−0.27 (− 0.5; − 0.0)*

−0.39 (− 0.6; − 0.1)**

−0.30 (− 0.5; − 0.1)*

0.14 (0.1; 0.2)**

3.65 (2.9; 4.4)**

5.29 (3.7; 6.8)**

Screen time (hours per day)

0.06 (0.0; 0.1)*

0.03 (−0.0; 0.1)

Not included

0.01 (−0.0; 0.0)

Not included

Not included

Not included