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Table 2 Mean differences of mental-health indicators according to categories of independent variables

From: Family aspects, physical fitness, and physical activity associated with mental-health indicators in adolescents

 

Stress

Depression

Trait anxiety

State anxiety

Happiness

HRQL

Subjective wellness

Variables

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

Sex

       

Boys

7.8 (3.8)*a

2.6 (2.8)*a

10.7 (3.0)*a

12.2 (2.7)*a

4.8 (1.0)

77.4 (10.9)*a

97.0 (17.8)*a

Girls

8.9 (3.9)

3.8 (3.3)

11.6 (3.3)

13.7 (2.9)

4.7 (1.2)

71.0 (11.7)

92.0 (22.8)

Location

       

Rural

7.2 (3.7)*a

2.1 (2.5)*a

11.1 (2.9)

12.8 (2.6)

4.8 (1.0)

75.3 (11.9)

98.0 (21.6)*a

Urban

8.7 (3.9)

3.4 (3.2)

11.2 (3.3)

13.0 (3.0)

4.8 (1.1)

73.7 (11.7)

93.5 (20.5)

Family Affluence Scale (tertiles)

       

First

8.5 (3.9)

3.0 (3.1)

11.1 (2.9)

13.1 (2.9)

4.8 (1.1)

73.2 (12.0)

94.4 (20.1)

Second

8.5 (4.0)

3.2 (3.1)

11.1 (3.2)

13.0 (2.9)

4.8 (1.1)

73.6 (11.5)

93.2 (21.96)

Third

8.2 (3.7)

3.4 (3.3)

11.3 (3.5)

12.9 (3.0)

4.7 (1.1)

75.2 (11.9)

95.4 (19.0)

Family structure

       

Other

9.7 (3.6)*b

3.8 (3.4)

11.7 (4.0)

13.5 (2.8)

4.6 (1.1)

71.4 (12.8)*b

94.0 (25.5)

Single parent

8.8 (4.0)

3.0 (3.0)

11.3 (3.3)

13.0 (3.0)

4.8 (1.1)

73.3 (11.7)

93.0 (21.2)

Nuclear

8.1 (3.8)

3.2 (3.2)

11.1 (3.1)

13.0 (2.9)

4.8 (1.1)

74.6 (11.6)

94.7 (20.0)

Overweight

       

No

8.4 (3.9)

3.2 (3.2)

11.2 (3.2)

12.9 (2.9)

4.8 (1.1)

74.1 (11.7)

94.8 (20.1)

Yes

8.7 (3.8)

3.4 (3.2)

11.2 (3.4)

13.4 (3.1)

4.8 (1.2)

73.5 (12.3)

91.3 (23.4)

  1. HRQL: Health-related quality of life. * Differences statistically significant
  2. a Mean differences tested with independent samples T-Tests. b Mean differences tested with one-way ANOVA