Variables | Poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5) | Â | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Â | Women | Â | |||||||||||
TOTAL | Yes | No | P-value | TOTAL | Yes | No | P-value | |||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
Total (N=224,118) | 100,454 | 100.0 | 35,784 | 35.6 | 64,670 | 64.4 | Â | 123,664 | 100.0 | 58,271 | 47.1 | 65,393 | 52.9 | Â |
Sedentary time (hours/day) | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | |||
 ≤3.9 | 32,998 | 32.8 | 10,496 | 31.8 | 22,502 | 68.2 |  | 39,886 | 32.3 | 17,313 | 43.4 | 22,573 | 56.6 |  |
 4.0–5.9 | 23,450 | 23.3 | 8,194 | 34.9 | 15,256 | 65.1 |  | 29,745 | 24.1 | 13,794 | 46.4 | 15,951 | 53.6 |  |
 6.0–7.9 | 13,197 | 13.1 | 4,827 | 36.6 | 8,370 | 63.4 |  | 17,367 | 14.0 | 8,359 | 48.1 | 9,008 | 51.9 |  |
 ≥8.0 | 30,809 | 30.7 | 12,267 | 39.8 | 18,542 | 60.2 |  | 36,666 | 29.6 | 18,805 | 51.3 | 17,861 | 48.7 |  |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 19-29 | 11,181 | 11.1 | 3,358 | 30.0 | 7,823 | 70.0 |  | 12,034 | 9.7 | 4,538 | 37.7 | 7,496 | 62.3 |  |
 30-39 | 13,115 | 13.1 | 4,468 | 34.1 | 8,647 | 65.9 |  | 14,793 | 12.0 | 6,002 | 40.6 | 8,791 | 59.4 |  |
 40-49 | 17,015 | 16.9 | 5,813 | 34.2 | 11,202 | 65.8 | <.001 | 19,349 | 15.6 | 7,441 | 38.5 | 11,908 | 61.5 | <.001 |
 50-59 | 19,778 | 19.7 | 6,824 | 34.5 | 12,954 | 65.5 |  | 23,966 | 19.4 | 10,801 | 45.1 | 13,165 | 54.9 |  |
 60-69 | 19,030 | 18.9 | 6,841 | 35.9 | 12,189 | 64.1 |  | 22,757 | 18.4 | 11,487 | 50.5 | 11,270 | 49.5 |  |
 ≥70 | 20,335 | 20.2 | 8,480 | 41.7 | 11,855 | 58.3 |  | 30,765 | 24.9 | 18,002 | 58.5 | 12,763 | 41.5 |  |
Marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Living with spouse | 72,622 | 72.3 | 25,124 | 34.6 | 47,498 | 65.4 |  | 77,987 | 63.1 | 35,189 | 45.1 | 42,798 | 54.9 |  |
 Living without spouse | 27,832 | 27.7 | 10,660 | 38.3 | 17,172 | 61.7 |  | 45,677 | 36.9 | 23,082 | 50.5 | 22,595 | 49.5 |  |
Occupational categoriesa | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | |
 White | 22,346 | 22.2 | 7,196 | 32.2 | 15,150 | 67.8 |  | 20,802 | 16.8 | 7,776 | 37.4 | 13,026 | 62.6 |  |
 Pink | 9,885 | 9.8 | 3,238 | 32.8 | 6,647 | 67.2 |  | 17,821 | 14.4 | 7,628 | 42.8 | 10,193 | 57.2 |  |
 Blue | 42,023 | 41.8 | 14,687 | 34.9 | 27,336 | 65.1 |  | 25,394 | 20.5 | 12,097 | 47.6 | 13,297 | 52.4 |  |
 Inoccupation | 26,200 | 26.1 | 10,663 | 40.7 | 15,537 | 59.3 |  | 59,647 | 48.2 | 30,770 | 51.6 | 28,877 | 48.4 |  |
Educational level | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Middle shool or lower | 26,914 | 26.8 | 11,072 | 41.1 | 15,842 | 58.9 |  | 53,156 | 43.0 | 29,440 | 55.4 | 23,716 | 44.6 |  |
 High school | 31,545 | 31.4 | 11,125 | 35.3 | 20,420 | 64.7 |  | 32,069 | 25.9 | 14,085 | 43.9 | 17,984 | 56.1 |  |
 College or higher | 41,995 | 41.8 | 13,587 | 32.4 | 28,408 | 67.6 |  | 38,439 | 31.1 | 14,746 | 38.4 | 23,693 | 61.6 |  |
Household income | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Low | 15,795 | 15.7 | 6,919 | 43.8 | 8,876 | 56.2 |  | 27,680 | 22.4 | 15,903 | 57.5 | 11,777 | 42.5 |  |
 Mid-low | 30,637 | 30.5 | 11,529 | 37.6 | 19,108 | 62.4 |  | 36,380 | 29.4 | 17,961 | 49.4 | 18,419 | 50.6 |  |
 Mid-high | 26,618 | 26.5 | 8,724 | 32.8 | 17,894 | 67.2 |  | 28,975 | 23.4 | 12,243 | 42.3 | 16,732 | 57.7 |  |
 High | 27,404 | 27.3 | 8,612 | 31.4 | 18,792 | 68.6 |  | 30,629 | 24.8 | 12,164 | 39.7 | 18,465 | 60.3 |  |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Current smokers | 35,155 | 35.0 | 13,053 | 37.1 | 22,102 | 62.9 |  | 3,663 | 3.0 | 2,242 | 61.2 | 1,421 | 38.8 |  |
 Past smokers | 37,909 | 37.7 | 14,146 | 37.3 | 23,763 | 62.7 |  | 2,846 | 2.3 | 1,654 | 58.1 | 1,192 | 41.9 |  |
 Nonsmoker | 27,390 | 27.3 | 8,585 | 31.3 | 18,805 | 68.7 |  | 117,155 | 94.7 | 54,375 | 46.4 | 62,780 | 53.6 |  |
Drinking status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Yes | 67,608 | 67.3 | 23,653 | 35.0 | 43,955 | 65.0 |  | 46,317 | 37.5 | 20,494 | 44.2 | 25,823 | 55.8 |  |
 No | 32,846 | 32.7 | 12,131 | 36.9 | 20,715 | 63.1 |  | 77,347 | 62.5 | 37,777 | 48.8 | 39,570 | 51.2 |  |
Walking frequentlyb | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Yes | 45,799 | 45.6 | 15,599 | 34.1 | 30,200 | 65.9 |  | 53,681 | 43.4 | 24,092 | 44.9 | 29,589 | 55.1 |  |
 No | 54,655 | 54.4 | 20,185 | 36.9 | 34,470 | 63.1 |  | 69,983 | 56.6 | 34,179 | 48.8 | 35,804 | 51.2 |  |
Obesity status (BMI)c | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Underweight & normal range | 2,337 | 2.3 | 982 | 42.0 | 1,355 | 58.0 |  | 4,850 | 3.9 | 2,281 | 47.0 | 2,569 | 53.0 |  |
 Overweight | 44,744 | 44.5 | 16,131 | 36.1 | 28,613 | 63.9 |  | 62,287 | 50.4 | 28,882 | 46.4 | 33,405 | 53.6 |  |
 Obese | 53,373 | 53.1 | 18,671 | 35.0 | 34,702 | 65.0 |  | 56,527 | 45.7 | 27,108 | 48.0 | 29,419 | 52.0 |  |
The number of chronic diseasesd | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | ||
 0 | 68,031 | 67.7 | 22,909 | 33.7 | 45,122 | 66.3 |  | 83,451 | 67.5 | 35,941 | 43.1 | 47,510 | 56.9 |  |
 1 | 25,143 | 25.0 | 9,812 | 39.0 | 15,331 | 61.0 |  | 31,566 | 25.5 | 17,249 | 54.6 | 14,317 | 45.4 |  |
 2 | 7,280 | 7.2 | 3,063 | 42.1 | 4,217 | 57.9 |  | 8,647 | 7.0 | 5,081 | 58.8 | 3,566 | 41.2 |  |
Perceived health statuse | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | ||
 Yes | 77,817 | 77.5 | 24,276 | 31.2 | 53,541 | 68.8 |  | 93,964 | 76.0 | 39,192 | 41.7 | 54,772 | 58.3 |  |
 No | 22,637 | 22.5 | 11,508 | 50.8 | 11,129 | 49.2 |  | 29,700 | 24.0 | 19,079 | 64.2 | 10,621 | 35.8 |  |
Perceived stress | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | <.0001 |
 Less | 40,442 | 40.3 | 10,585 | 26.2 | 29,857 | 73.8 |  | 38,489 | 31.1 | 12,459 | 32.4 | 26,030 | 67.6 |  |
 More | 60,012 | 59.7 | 25,199 | 42.0 | 34,813 | 58.0 |  | 85,175 | 68.9 | 45,812 | 53.8 | 39,363 | 46.2 |  |