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Table 4 Use of Personal Protective Equipment by Type of Company and Category of Worker

From: On-site personal protective equipment signage and use by road construction workers in Ghana: a comparative study of foreign- and locally-owned companies

 

N

Goggles

Hard Hat

Shoes

Gloves

Hearing Protection

Reflective Vest

Nose Mask

Labourer

        

Locally-owned

120

0.8%

5.8%

59.2%

5.0%

0%

15.0%

3.3%

Foreign-owned

88

17.0%

45.5%

87.5%

61.4%

15.9%

61.4%

26.1%

p value

 

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Total

208

       

All other professions

        

Foreign-owned

106

26.4%

52.8%

91.5%

51.9%

25.5%

66.0%

36.8%

Locally-owned

75

0%

2.7%

81.3%

5.3%

1.3%

41.3%

1.3%

p value

 

<0.001

<0.001

0.043

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

Total

181

       

Adjusted Odds Ratio*

 

57.5

20.4

3.8

24.3

43.8

4.8

17.8

95% CI

 

7.3-451.8

9.8-42.8

2.2-6.6

11.9-49.4

6.2-311.3

3.1-7.4

6.8-46.2

p value

 

<0.001

<0.001

0.043

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

<0.001

  1. *Mantel-Haenszel adjusted odds ratio for the effect of company type (foreign-owned vs locally-owned) on use of personal protective equipment, adjusted for type of profession (labourer vs. all other professions).
  2. CI: Confidence intervals