Skip to main content

Table 1 Sample characteristics (N = 4,141)

From: From urban neighbourhood environments to cognitive health: a cross-sectional analysis of the role of physical activity and sedentary behaviours

Characteristics

Statistics

Characteristics

Statistics

Socio-demographic characteristics

Age, years, M ± SD

61.1 ± 11.4

Sex, female, %

55.2

Educational attainment, %

 

Employment status, %

 

Up to secondary

32.7

Not employed

30.4

Trade, technician certificate

29.1

Paid employment

52.2

Associate diploma & equiv.

14.5

Volunteering

15.1

Bachelor degree, post-graduate diploma

23.1

Missing data

2.3

Missing data

0.6

Area-level IRSAD, M ± SD

6.4 ± 2.7

Living arrangements, %

 

English-speaking background, %

89.9

Couple without children

48.2

Household income, annual, %

 

Couple with children

26.8

Up to $49,999

32.9

Other

22.4

$50,000 - $99,999

26.8

Missing data

2.4

$100,000 and over

28.9

  

Does not know or refusal

8.8

  

Missing data

2.7

Residential self-selection – access to destinations, M ± SD

3.0 ± 1.4

Residential self-selection – recreational facilities, M ± SD

3.1 ± 1.5

Missing data, %

7.8

Missing data, %

7.8

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour

Transportation walking

 

Leisure-time walking

 

Times per week, M ± SD

1.4 ± 3.5

Times per week, M ± SD

2.4 ± 2.5

Prevalence, %

29.1

Prevalence, %

61.6

Missing data, %

2.7

Missing data, %

3.0

Vigorous gardening

 

Resistance training

 

Times per week, M ± SD

0.8 ± 1.5

Times per week, M ± SD

0.9 ± 2.3

Prevalence, %

37.1

Prevalence, %

25.5

Missing data, %

2.6

Missing data, %

2.6

Sitting for transport, h/day, M ± SD

0.8 ± 0.8

Leisure-time sitting, h/day, M ± SD

2.6 ± 1.6

Missing data, %

2.7

Missing data, %

2.8

Sitting (other purposes), h/day, M ± SD

3.4 ± 2.4

  

Missing data, %

2.9

  

Health-related variables

Tobacco-smoking status, %

 

Heart problems/stroke (past), %

8.7

Current smoker

7.0

Missing data, %

1.0

Previous smoker

35.9

  

Non-smoker

54.5

  

Missing data

2.6

  

Cognitive function, M ± SD

   

Memory, CVLT score

6.5 ± 2.4

Processing speed, SDMT score

49.7 ± 11.6

Missing data, %

2.3

Missing data, %

2.0

Neighbourhood environmental characteristics (1km-radius street-network buffers), M ± SD*

Population density, persons/ha

17.4 ± 10.0

Street intersection density, intersections/km2

62.2 ± 32.2

Percentage of commercial land use in residential buffer

2.5 ± 6.1

Non-commercial land use mix, entropy score (0 to 1)

0.14 ± 0.13

Percentage of parkland in residential buffer

11.6 ± 12.5

Percentage of blue space (waterbody) in residential buffer

0.24 ± 1.98

NO2, ppb

5.5 ± 2.1

PM2.5, μg/m3

6.3 ± 1.7

  1. M mean; SD standard deviation; IRSAD Index of Relative Socioeconomic Advantage and Disadvantage; CVLT California Verbal Learning Test; SDMT Symbol–Digit Modalities test; NO2 nitrogen dioxide; PM2.5 particulate matter < 2.5 μm; *neighbourhood environmental characteristics had no missing data